| 0.136%GA·IAA·BR WP（Vita Cat?）,which is a plant-derived plant growth regulator developed by German scientists.Early studies have shown that as plant growth regulator,Vita Cat?can activate plant cells,break seed dormancy,and promote root growth of fruit trees,alleviate the herbicide injury to crops,improve plant resistance,increase crop yield and quality of fruits and vegetables.3%Lecithin·Vitamin E SE（Ann Gro?）is a new type of biological adjuvant extracted from soybeans by Northwest University of South Africa.It relies on a unique vesicle structure to quickly encapsulate the effective ingredients of pesticides or fertilizers,which can accelerate the absorption and transmission of effective ingredients by plants,and improve the efficiency of pesticides or fertilizers.Preliminary research in our laboratory showed that Vita Cat?mixed with the herbicide penoxsulam of Echinochloa crusgalli significantly inhibited the activity of the target enzyme acetolactate synthase（ALS）of penoxsulam.The reason was that the mixed use of Vita Cat?and penoxsulam accelerated the level of sugar and nitrogen metabolism of barnyardgrass,which is beneficial to the absorption and conduction of penoxsulam and can alleviate the physiological inhibition of penoxsulam on rice.Ann Gro?has a significant synergetic effect on herbicides of wheat fields,rice fields,and wasteland,and the synergetic mechanism is due to the fact that Ann Gro?reduced the contact angle and surface tension of droplets on plant leaves,increased the wetting and spreading ability of droplets on plant leaves,and increased the absorption and conduction of herbicides in weeds.However,the application of Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?on the lawn has not been reported.This article studies whether Vita Cat?can alleviate the effect of low temperature stress on the growth of turfgrass and the effect of Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?on weeds control after mixed with herbicides.The results will to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the further application of plant growth regulator Vita Cat?and biological additives Ann Gro?on the lawn.The main findings are as follows:The effects of Vita Cat?under low temperature stress of turfgrass:In order to clarify the alleviating effect of Vita Cat?under low temperature stress for on cold-season turfgrass Festuca elata and Lolium perennecare.The doses of 0,2500 times,5000 times,7500 times,10000 times,12500 times,15000 times dilutions were used to soak seeds,apply to the turfgrass seedling stage and apply to the establishment lawn.After soaking the seeds in Vita Cat?dilutions for 24 hours,treated by low temperature（day and night 15℃/10℃,photoperiod 12h,humidity 80%）and normal temperature（day and night 25℃/25℃,photoperiod 12h,humidity 80%）.After soaking the seeds in Vita Cat?10000～7500 times dilution solution,germination potential,germination rate,sprout length,radical length,seedling fresh weight,root fresh weight,seedling dry weight and root dry weight of seeds treated both low temperature and normal temperature were significantly higher than the water control.Seeds treated by low temperature stress,the germination rate,seedling fresh weight and radicle length of seeds were close to or significantly higher than those under normal temperature,and seedling dry weight and root dry weight were significantly greater than those under normal temperature.It showed that Vita Cat?resisted low temperature stress by increasing the seedling radical length,seedling quality and root quality of turfgrass,and it can promote the germination and growth of turfgrass seeds by soaking the seeds of Vita Cat?.Before the temperature drop,turfgrass seedling were applied Vita Cat?for two consecutive days,then these were treated by low temperature and freezing stress（outdoor10-day）and normal temperature（day and night 25℃/25℃,photoperiod 12h,humidity 80%）.The potting test result showed that the underground biomass,chlorophyll content,electrolyte permeability,malondialdehyde（MDA）content,superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity,and proline（PRO）content of turfgrass seedling treated by low temperature and freezing stress were significantly higher than the water control under Vita Cat?10000-7500 times dilution treatment.The root length,root fresh weight,relative conductivity and proline content of turfgrass seedling were no significant difference between the low temperature and freezing stress and normal temperature under Vita Cat?10000-7500 times dilution treatment.The root dry weight of turfgrass seedling treated by low temperature and freezing stress were significantly greater than normal temperature under Vita Cat?10000-7500 times dilution treatment.Before the temperature drop,establishment lawn were applied Vita Cat?for two consecutive days,then these were treated by low temperature and freezing stress by outdoor20-day.The results showed that applying Vita Cat?10000-7500 times dilution to the establishment lawn,the chlorophyll content and the activity of SOD enzyme of plant leaves were increased,the electrolyte permeability,the content of PRO and MDA of plant leaves were reduced.The turfgrass were affected by low temperature and freezing stress were alleviated,the photosynthesis of plant leaves were enhanced,and the cold resistance of turfgrass were improved.The synergetic effect of Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?on herbicides in warm-season lawns:25%flazasulfuron WG and 10%mesotrione SC were used to study the synergetic effect of Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?on the control of Digitaria sanguinalis,Cyperus iria and Amaranthus retroflexus in warm-season lawns weeds.The results found that the time required for weeds damage to reach level 5 was 2-6 days earlier by tank-mixed with Vita Cat?than applied herbicides alone.The ED50 and ED90 values were increased respectively by6.24%～43.14%and 4.91%～29.47%.The fresh weight control effect were increased by5.84%～28.39%.The time required for weeds damage to reach level 5 was 2-7 days earlier by tank-mixed with Ann Gro?than applied herbicides alone.The ED50 and ED90 values were increased respectively by 10.27%～21.13%and 2.64%～17.74%,the fresh weight control effect increased by 0.94%～29.22%.The test results showed that Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?had obvious synergetic effects on herbicides,and had no adverse effects on warm-season turfgrass Cynodon dactylon and Zoysia matrella.The synergetic effect of Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?on herbicides in cold-season lawns:30 g/L mesosulfuron-methyl SC,288 g/L fluroxypyr-meptyl EC and 70.5%MCPA-Na·Carfentrazone-ethyl WP were used to study the synergetic effect of Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?on the control of Poa annua,Vicia sativa and Galium aparine in cold-season lawns weeds.The results found that the time required for weed damage to reach level 5 is 2-7 days earlier by tank-mixed with Vita Cat?than applied herbicide alone.The ED50 value and ED90value are increased respectively by 28.23%～47.77%and 37.11%～47.00%,the fresh weight control effect increased by 2.75%～25.83%.The time required for the weeds damage to reach level 5 was 2-7 days earlier by tank-mixed with Ann Gro?than applied herbicides alone.The ED50 and ED90 values were increased respectively by 21.55%～38.68%and 12.79%～36.26%,the fresh weight control effect increased by 0.86%～13.91%.The test results showed that Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?had obvious synergetic effects on herbicides,and had no adverse effects on cold-season turfgrass Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens.In summary,soaking seeds with Vita Cat?2500-12500 dilution under normal temperature can significantly promote the germination and growth of turfgrass seeds,and applying Vita Cat?5000-10000 dilution at the seedling stage of turfgrass can significantly promote the growth and development of turfgrass.Soaking seeds with Vita Cat?7500-10000times dilution under low temperature stress can significantly alleviate the effect of low temperature on turfgrass seed germination,and applying Vita Cat?5000-7500 times dilution at the turfgrass seedling stage can significantly alleviate low temperature freezing damage to turfgrass and can significantly improve the cold resistance of turfgrass,thereby avoiding the decline of lawn quality.Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?5000 times dilution tank-mixed with herbicides 25%flazasulfuron WG,10%mesotrione SC,30 g/L mesosulfuron-methyl SC,288 g/L fluroxypyr-meptyl EC and 70.5%MCPA-Na·Carfentrazone-ethyl WP had significant synergetic effect on the control of lawn weeds.Therefore,it is recommended that Vita Cat?and Ann Gro?should be popularized and applied in low temperature stress resistance and weeds control on lawn. |
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