| Dragon fruit(Hylocereus undulatus Britt)belongs to the Cactaceae family and is one of the widely planted fruits worldwide.In 2020,China planted an area of 66,000 hm~2 of dragon fruit,becoming the largest dragon fruit producer in the world,and the dragon fruit planting area has gradually become saturated.Therefore,how to improve the production and economic benefits of dragon fruit in the limited area has become the primary goal.At present,the structure of dragon fruit cultivation frame is mixed,and different cultivation frame brings huge differences in dragon fruit yield and economic benefits.In this experiment,we investigated the effects of different cultivation systems on the fruit quality and yield of dragon fruit by using red dragon fruit’Soft Branch Big Red’as the material and investigated the effects of cultivation systems on the economic benefits of dragon fruit by measuring the costs of different cultivation systems.Finally,the comprehensive evaluation index system of dragon fruit cultivation frame was established and verified based on hierarchical analysis and TOPSIS method,and the best cultivation frame with comprehensive index was selected,which is important for increasing the production and income of dragon fruit.The main results of this study are as follows:1.Effect of cultivation frame type on fruit quality of dragon fruitThe fruit quality of the first three batches of dragon fruit was measured with different cultivation frame types(cement column hedge frame type,A-row frame type,trapezoidal frame type,steel frame joint-row type,and traditional cement column type as the control),and the results showed that the fruit quality of different batches of dragon fruit had significant differences,and the effect of cultivation frame type on the fruit quality of dragon fruit was small,mainly reflected in the difference of cultivation density,and the single fruit weight,skin weight,edibility rate,and transverse and longitudinal diameter of dragon fruit cultivated with steel frame joint-row type,A-row frame type,and trapezoidal frame type were significantly higher than those cultivated with traditional cement column type and cement column hedge frame type.In terms of soluble solids,soluble sugars and vitamin C content,the dragon fruit grown in steel frame,A-row frame,trapezoidal frame and traditional cement column frame were significantly higher than those grown in cement column and hedge frame.2.Effect of cultivation frame type on dragon fruit yieldThe yield data obtained from different cultivation frame types(cement post hedge frame type,A-row frame type,trapezoidal frame type,steel frame joint-row type,and traditional cement post type as the control)for one year showed that the dragon fruit yield of steel frame joint-row type was the best,which was 2.32 times of that of traditional cement post type,with a yield of 3256.31 kg per mu,specifically ranked as steel frame joint-row type>trapezoidal frame type>A-row frame type>cement post hedge frame type>traditional cement column type.3.Effect of cultivation frame type on economic efficiency of dragon fruitIn this study,the costs of five types of cultivation frames were measured from five aspects:construction cost,seedling cost,labor cost,fertilizer cost,and land cost,and it was concluded that the traditional cement post type had the lowest initial input cost and post maintenance cost,which were 13,830.08 yuan/mu and 3,874 yuan/mu-years,respectively,and the economic efficiency of dragon fruit cultivation under different frame types was analyzed,and it was concluded that the economic efficiency of steel frame joint row type was the best,which was 2.71 times higher than that of traditional cement post type,which was 25,616.3yuan/mu.It is 2.71 times of the traditional cement column type,which is RMB 25616.3/mu,and the economic efficiency of steel frame joint row type>trapezoidal frame type>A-row frame type>cement column hedge frame type>traditional cement column type from the largest to the smallest.4.Establishing a comprehensive evaluation index system of dragon fruit cultivation frame typeIn this study,a comprehensive evaluation system of dragon fruit cultivation system was established based on hierarchical analysis and TOPSIS method with 12 indicators in three dimensions of economic benefit,fruit quality and ecological benefit,and the largest weight was economic benefit,accounting for 0.647,and its rationality was proved by experimental data.At the same time,the evaluation system established in this study was applied to different dragon fruit cultivation frame types,and the best comprehensive evaluation effect was obtained for the steel frame joint row type,with a comprehensive score index of 0.8151. |
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