The Research On Efficient Breeding And Grafting Of Rose Stocks

The monthly season（Rosa chinensis）is an important ornamental plant in our country and occupies an important position in the floral industry.Rooting and grafting propagation are often used in production.Sessile Rosa is adaptable and grows vigorously,and is a commonly used rootstock for grafting in the season of China,but problems such as low germination rate and uneven germination potential of the seeds of sessile Rosa have always been important factors limiting grafting in the season.Meanwhile,grafted seedlings were of mixed quality due to different types of rootstocks and grafting modes used in grafting propagation during the seasons.Therefore,establishing a standardized system of grafting techniques for seasons is key to improving the quality of grafted seedlings.In this study,we used the seeds of Rosa to improve seed germination by comparative analysis of the factors that affect seed germination and by screening the optimal treatment with hormonal treatments;Meanwhile,the effects of Different Rootstock and grafting methods on survival rates were comparatively analyzed.The main findings are as follows:1.Treatment with three different concentrations of hormones GA₃,6-BA,NAA revealed that the highest germination was observed in the treatment with a concentration of1000 mg/L GA₃,and the lowest germination was observed in the treatment with 1000 mg/L NAA.Among them,only 200 mg/L GA₃treatment shortened the germination time,and all other treatments delayed it.After GA₃treatment,the rate of seed germination increased with increasing concentration,but in contrast,the 6-BA and NAA treatments significantly decreased with increasing concentration.During seed germination,the contents of internal soluble sugars,proteins,and starch,overall,tended to decrease.2.Through the anatomy of rootstocks and Scions after grafting,it was found that a large number of callus could be produced earlier after the grafting of rose rootstocks,later after the grafting of rose cutting rootstocks,and the least amount of callus was produced by Rose stems.Branch grafting can produce more callus,and the amount of callus produced by budding scion is lower than that of branch grafting,in which the budding without xylem is lower than that with xylem.Through the three factor and three level orthogonal test of grafting method,rootstock coarseness and sampling position,it is found that in the grafting combination of seedling rootstocks,the grafting survival rate and growth of 1.2 cm thick rootstock with middle branch are the highest,and the chlorophyll content of 1.0 cm thick rootstock with upper branch is the highest;In the grafting of rose cutting stock,the chlorophyll content and growth of 1.2 cm thick stock with middle branch were the highest,and the survival rate of0.8 cm thick stock with lower branch was the highest;In the grafting of rose stem,the chlorophyll content and growth of 1.2 cm thick rootstock with middle branch are the highest,and the survival rate of 0.8 cm thick rootstock with lower branch is the highest.Through the summary of the experiment,it is found that branch grafting has a high grafting survival rate for different types of rootstocks,and the chlorophyll content and growth are also the highest.Only the combination of budding and rootless rootstock had higher grafting survival rate,and the chlorophyll content and growth of budding without xylem were the lowest.