| In order to explore and reveal the interaction laws of different rootstocks and scionscombinations, the experiment of Tree Rose breeding was conducted with the method of budgrafting,in which4types of scions,including Hiohgi(test code a),Rosa rugosa Thunb(testcode b),Rose rugosa(test code c) and Schloss Mannheim(test code d), were grafted on3different kinds of rootstocks, such as Rosa spp.Rosoideae(test code A), B(test code B)andRose multiflora var.'Dr.Huey'(test code C). Taking self-root seedlings as a comparison,some growth, physiological and biochemical indexes, including yield, photosynthetic indexes,enzyme system, hormone, soluble protein, proline content, etc, which reflect the effects ofrootstocks on scions, were observed. And other growth indexes of rootstocks, includig theground diameter, root volume, etc, which reflect the effect strength of scions on rootstocks,were also observed. It provides theoretical basis for selecting rootstocks appropriately andknowing the interaction mechanism between the rootstock and scion. The main conclusionswere as follows:(1) After grafting Chinese rose and Rugosa rose on the rose, the blade net photosyntheticrate, the antioxidant enzymes activity, the amounts of hormone and the growth of scions wereimproved significantly. And the diameter growth and root volume of rootstocks were alsoincreased.(2)The peak and average daily photosynthetic rate of grafted seedlings were higher than theself-rooted seedlings in all the experimented materials. The highest value of photosynthetic rateand average daily photosynthetic rate all day were fluctuated from10.57μmolm·-2·s-1to13.51μmolm·-2·s-1and from7.73μmolm·-2·s-1to9.16μmolm·-2·s-1respectively. The height ofgrafted seedlings was about14.57%-46.56%higher than self-rooted seedlings. And the solubleprotein content of all experimented materials were significantly different, but their rules were not obvious. For the soluble protein content, the grafted and self-rooted seedlings of Rosarugosa Thunb, which fluctuated between17.83mg g-1FM and26.02mg g-1FM, wererelatively high. Whereas, the grafted and self-rooted seedlings of Rose rugosa, whichfluctuated between3.90mg g-1FM and7.77mg g-1FM, were relatively low. In addition, thecontent of photosynthetic pigments of grafted seedlings were higher than the self-rootedseedlings in all the experimented materials excluding the Schloss Mannheim. Therefore, thephotosynthetic, physiological and biochemical indexes of grafted seedlings were generallyhigher than the self-rooted seedlings in all the experimented materials.(3)The SOD and POD, CAT activity of grafted seedlings were higher than self-rootedseedlings, whereas, the MDA content of grafted seedlings was lower than self-rooted seedlings.The SOD activity of leaves between the rootstock and its grafted superoxide were notsignificant. Among then, the highest and the lowest value of SOD activity, which belong to thecombination of B+b and A+a, were857.67U·g-1·min-1·FW and775.46U·g-1·min-1·FWrespectively. But the POD activity of each experimented materials were significant. Thehighest value of POD activity, belonging to the combination of B+a was up to the785U g-1min-1 FW, whereas, the lowest value, belonging to the combination of C+c, was102.5U g-1 min-1 FW. The value of former was7.66times than that of the latter. The CATactivity of the grafted seedlings with the same scions and different rootstocks were notsignificant. Whereas, the CAT activity of the grafted seedlings with the different scions and thesame rootstocks were significant. In addition, the CAT activity of the grafted and self-rootedseedlings with the same scions were not significant. The combination of B+a had the highestvalue of CAT activity, which was303.75U g-1 min-1 FW, whereas, the d had the lowest valueof CAT activity,which was about170U g-1min-1 FW. In all grafted seedings, the highestcontent of MDA was the combination of A+a, which up to33.98U g-1min-1 FW. For the rest ofcombinations, the content of MDA of the grafted seedlings were less than that of theself-rooted seedlings. (4)The leaf proline content of grafted seedlings were higher than those self-rootedseedlings in general. And the proline content of grafted seedlings with Rugosa rose scion werehigher than those with the Chinese rose scion. The lowest and the highest value of prolinecontent, which belong to A+d and C+c, were9.98ug g-1 FW and96.61ug g-1 FWrespectively, And the latter was9.68times than that of the former. The nitrate reductaseactivity of all experimented materials had no apparent regularity, but nitrate reductase activityof grafted seedlings were higher than self-rooted seedlings.(5)The contents of ABA and GA3of grafted seedlings were higher than those self-rootedseedlings. In all experiment materials, The highest content of ABA was the combination ofC+b, up to5.58μg100g-1 FW and the lowest was a, up to1.08μg100g-1 FW. The former was5.17times than that of the latter. The leaf ABA content of grafted seedlings with Rose scionwere higher than that of seedlings with the Chinese Rose scion as a whole; The highest contentof GA3was the combination of B+c, up to the6.52μg100g-1 FW and the lowest was a, up to2.25μg100g-1 FW, the former was2.90times than that of the latter.(6)The scions had obvious promotive effect in rootstocks growth. And the Rose species ofscions were obviously better than that of Chinese rose species. Both the diameter growth andthe diameter increasing below the scion by5cm of grafted seedling were significantly higherthan those of self-rooted seedlings. The biggest diameter increment of grafted seedlings wasthe combination of B+c, up to12.20mm, However, The smallest diameter increment ofself-rooted seedlings was c, up to2.45mm. And the former was4.98times than that of thelatter. The biggest diameter increment below the scion by5cm of grafted seedlings was also thecombination of B+c, up to9.58mm, and the smallest diameter increment below the scion by5cm of self-rooted seedlings was also c, up to2.20mm. And the former was4.35times thanthat of the latter. |
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