Effects Of Compound Chinese Medicine Supplementation On Muscle Development And Meat Quality Of AA Broilers

Chicken is one of the high-quality animal protein sources for human beings,with the rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding industry,people’s requirements for meat quality are getting higher and higher,green additives instead of chemical synthetic antibiotics have become a research hotspot at home and abroad.As a kind of natural green additive,compound traditional Chinese medicine is an ideal antibiotic substitute in addition to its good medicinal value,no residue,non-toxic and harmless and not easy to produce drug resistance,but the body mechanism has not yet been elucidated.Therefore,120 1-day-old AA broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely control group(CG),compound Chinese medicine low-dose group(CL),compound Chinese medicine medium dose group(CM)and compound Chinese medicine high-dose group(CH),with 3 replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each replicate.The control group was fed the basal diet,and the CL group,CM group and CH group were fed 0.3%,0.5% and 0.8% of the diet with compound Chinese medicine at the basal diet level,respectively.During the trial,body weight at1 and 42 days of age was measured;After 42 days of rearing,4 chickens were randomly selected for slaughter in each group to determine slaughter performance,meat quality,and routine muscle nutrients,and transcriptome sequencing analysis was performed on pectoral muscles to screen out differentially expressed genes affecting muscle development and meat quality,and RT-PCR was used for detection.This study aims to explore the effects of compound Chinese medicines on muscle development and meat quality in broiler chickens,with a view to promoting the scientific research and practical application of compound Chinese medicines.The results of the study are as follows:1.Results of body weight and slaughter performance: there was no significant difference in body weight at 1 day of age;At 42 days of age,the body weight of CM group was significantly higher than that of CG group(P<0.05).In terms of slaughter performance,the semi-eviscerated rate of CM group was significantly higher than that of CG group(P<0.01),the semi-eviscerated rate of CH group was significantly higher than that of CG group(P<0.01),and the semi-eviscerated rate of CM group was significantly higher than that of CL group(P<0.01).The evisceration rate in CM group was significantly higher than that in CG group(P<0.05),and the evisceration rate in CH group was significantly higher than that in CG group(P<0.05).2.Meat quality results: In thoracic muscle,the meat color a* value in CM group was significantly higher than that in CG group(P<0.05),the meat color b* and L*values in CM group were significantly lower than that in CG group(P<0.05),and the shear force in CM group was significantly lower than that in CG group(P<0.05).The crude protein content in CM group was significantly higher than that in CG group(P<0.05),the crude lipid content in CM group was significantly higher than that in CG group(P<0.05),and was extremely significantly higher than that in CL group(P<0.01).In leg muscle,meat color a* value in CM group was significantly higher than that in CG group(P<0.05),meat color b* and L* values in CM group were significantly lower than that in CG group(P<0.05),cooking loss in CM group was significantly lower than that in CG group(P<0.05).The crude protein content in CM group was significantly higher than that in CG group(P<0.01),and that in CL group was significantly higher than that in CL group(P<0.05),and the crude lipid content in CM group was significantly higher than that in CG group(P<0.05).3.Transcriptome sequencing analysis results: There were 109 differentially expressed genes,In cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity,extrinsic component of mitochondrial outer membran,c AMP metabolic 10 GO entries,such as process and guanine deaminase activity;KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were involved in three signaling pathways,namely Wnt signaling pathway,ECM-receptor interaction and Oxidative phosphorylation.The following genes were preliminarily screened out: Ten differentially expressed genes,including TNC,SPP1,THBS4,NPY,TPM4,HACD4,PDE10 A,ADCY2,HOPX and UCP3,which affect meat quality,were verified by RT-PCR function,and the results were consistent with the transcriptional analysis results.In conclusion,compound Chinese medicine can promote muscle development and improve meat quality of broilers,and the optimal dosage of compound Chinese medicine is 0.5%.The differentially expressed genes obtained by transcriptome analysis were involved in the Wnt signaling pathway,ECM-receptor interaction,Oxidative phosphorylation and other pathways.The selected TNC,SPP1,THBS4,NPY,TPM4,HACD4,PDE10 A,ADCY2,HOPX and UCP3 genes were candidate genes affecting muscle development and meat quality of broilers.The results provided a theoretical basis for compound Chinese medicine as an ideal substitute for antibiotics.