| Platanus × acerifolia is known as the “king of street trees” because of its advantages such as large crown shade,large growth and strong adaptability.It is widely used in the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin in China.At present,most varieties of Platanus × acerifolia in the market have a large number of balls,and the phenomenon of falling fruit and flying hair affects people’s living environment.This experiment is based on several new varieties cultivated by the research group in the past 30 years.According to the characteristics of each variety,the appropriate vegetative propagation mode is explored,in order to expand the number of seedlings of these varieties,and popularize and apply,so as to improve the problem of falling fruit and flying hair of Platanus × acerifolia.Three kinds of vegetative propagation were studied in this experiment,4 varieties were used as rootstocks and 7 varieties were used as scions for grafting test,in order to screen out 7varieties suitable for grafting rootstocks.Using ‘HNLF and ‘HNQL’ as materials,aerial layering test was carried out in order to screen out the best layering rooting treatment.Taking ‘ZH’,‘HN1’,‘HNRF’ and ‘HNLF’ as materials,the twig cutting test was carried out in order to select the best cutting rooting treatment.The main research results are as follows:1.Study on grafting propagation of Platanus × acerifolia with few fruits.The results showed that the survival rate of grafting between ‘HN1’ and each scion variety was 0.00%～50.00%,and the annual scion growth of the surviving combination was10.30cm～47.60 cm.‘HN1’ was not suitable for grafting rootstock of 7 scion varieties.When ‘HNQL’ is used as rootstock,the survival rate of grafting with each scion variety ranges from 0.00% to 76.67%,and the annual growth of the surviving combination scion ranges from 4.90 to 200.0cm.‘HNQL’ is only suitable for grafting rootstock of ‘HNLF’.When ‘HNLF’ was used as rootstock,the survival rate of grafting with each scion variety ranged from 13.33% to 96.67%,and the annual growth of the surviving combination scion ranged from 22.50 to 107.60 cm.‘HNLF’was only suitable for grafting rootstock of ‘HNQL’.When ‘HNYL’ is used as rootstock,the survival rate of grafting between each scion variety is 33.30%～96.67%,and the annual growth of the surviving combination scion is 6.85～111.30 cm.‘HNYL’ is suitable for grafting rootstock of‘HNQF’,‘HNRF’,‘F25’and‘F01’.2.Study on the propagation of ‘HNLF’ and ‘HNQL’ in the aerial layering.Two orthogonal experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of hormone type,hormone concentration,stripping width,layering time,branch age and layering substrate on the rooting of two varieties.The results of orthogonal test 1 showed that the rooting ability of ‘HNLF’ was better than that of ‘HNQL’,and the layering in August was better than that in September.The results of orthogonal test 2 showed that the rooting effect of 1-year old branches was better than that of 2-year old and 3-year old branches,the ring stripping width was 1.5 times of branch diameter than 1.2 times of branch diameter,and the matrix type was turf soil: perlite =3:1(v:v)than turf soil:vermiculite =1:1(v:v).The optimal combination of ‘HNLF’ was layered in August with a strip width of 3 cm,treated with 1000 mg/L KIBA:NAA(m:m=3:2),rooting rate of 100%,and the number of first-order root of 100.4.The optimal airl layering treatment combination of ‘HNQL’ is to choose 1-year-old branches as layer-materials,strip the width of the branches is 1.5 times the diameter of the branches,and treat them with 800 mg/L KIBA:NAA(m:m=4:1).The layer-substrate is turf soil:vermiculite(v:v=1:1),and the rooting rate is 93.3%.The number of primary roots is15.2.3.The results of orthogonal cuttings of ‘ZH’ and ‘HN1’ showed that ‘ZH’ had better rooting ability than ‘HN1’.KIBA:IBA(m:m=4:1)was superior to NAA:IBA(m:m=1:1)in terms of rooting rate and number of first-order root,and 1000 mg/L was superior to 800 mg/L in terms of first-order root length,the type of substrate is turf soil: vermiculite: river sand(v:v:v=1:1:1),and the number of first order roots is superior to turf soil: vermiculite: perlite(v:v:v=1:1:1).The optimal twigs cutting treatment combination of ‘ZH’ was CK6(control 6),that is,the middle branches of the twigs were collected as cuttings,the bud retention method was cut by one bud and one leaf,and the cuttings were treated with 800 mg/L KIBA:IBA(m:m=4:1)for 10 s,and then the cuttings were cut into the matrix of turf soil: vermiculite: perlite(v:v:v=1:1:1).The rooting rate was 53.3% and the number of first-order root was 19.5.The optimal twig cuttings of ‘HN1’ were taken from the base of the branch as cuttings,cut with two buds and one leaf,treated with 1000 mg/L KIBA:IBA(m:m=4:1)for 5s, and then cut into the matrix of turf soil:vermiculite:perlite=1:1:1,the rooting rate reached 40.0%.The number of first-order root is 7.0.The results of the orthogonal cuttings of‘HNRF’and‘HNLF’showed that the rooting ability of‘HNLF’was better than that of‘HNRF’,the hormone concentration of 1250 mg/L was better than that of750 mg/L,1000 mg/L and 1500 mg/L in the first-order root number,and the base of the branch was better than that of the middle branch in the first-order root number.The optimal treatment combination of‘HNRF’was to take the middle branches of the shoots as cuttings and treat them with 1000 mg/L IBA for 10 s.The rooting rate reached 46.7%and the number of first-order root was 14.2.The optimal treatment combination of‘HNLF’was treatment 8,that is,the cuttings were taken from the base of the branch as cuttings and treated with 1500 mg/L KIBA:NAA(m:m=4:1)for 5 s.The rooting rate reached 73.3%and the number of first-order root was 21.0. |
PDF Full Text Request