| Modern greenhouse cultivation is based on the law of crop growth and development,combined with the precise regulation of facility environment,through reasonable control of gas,temperature,water,fertilizer and other rhizosphere environmental conditions,can greatly reduce the influence of natural conditions,so as to obtain high yield and safe quality products.At present,most varieties of modern greenhouse crops in our country come from foreign countries.With the support of our country to modern facility agriculture,our country also introduced a complete set of planting facility system from abroad.However,different crop varieties planted in different growing environments have different growth characteristics,fruit quality,fruit yield,and adaptability to the environment.Therefore,by planting different cucumber varieties at home and abroad in the modern greenhouse,comparing their growth characteristics,it is very important to screen out the cucumber varieties suitable for the modern soilless cultivation in the greenhouse.In this study,by comparing 9 cucumber varieties,the change level of environmental factors in the greenhouse was determined,and combined with the analysis of physiological and ecological factors,the physiological and ecological changes of modern greenhouse cucumbers under different growing environments were deeply understood,so as to provide more precise basis for the cultivation of cucumbers in modern greenhouse.The main results are as follows:1.Through the comprehensive comparison of 9 cucumber varieties from the aspects of flowering,growth,photosynthesis,fruit yield and quality,it was found that Mewa and Changliang No.1 were more suitable for growing in modern greenhouse,but the environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity in modern greenhouse should be properly regulated to prevent and control powdery mildew;However,Deltastar and Chunqiu Wang 3 have strong growth potential,high yield and good quality,which are more suitable for soilless cultivation in modern greenhouse in long season.Among them,as a domestic variety,the seed price of Chunqiu Wang 3 is lower than Deltastar,which has certain promotion value and competitive advantages.2.Through long-term monitoring and analysis of physiological and ecological factors of Chunqiu Wang 3 plants and greenhouse environmental factors,it was found that:(1)Within the measured time range,the variation trends of cucumber leaf temperature and plant stem flow rate were basically consistent with the variation trends of solar radiation and greenhouse temperature,and both increased/decreased with the increase/decrease of solar radiation and greenhouse temperature.(2)The stem flow rate varied from 2 to 17 cm/h in sunny days,from 1 to 8 cm/h in cloudy days,from 0 to 2 cm/h in rainy days,and from 0 to 0.1 cm/h in different weather.(3)About3 days after the end of fruit flowering,fruit length showed a nearly linear growth trend with the increase of time during the period of fruit growth to maturity.At the same time,in the light conditions suitable for plant growth,the solar radiation intensity was high,and the fruit length grew faster,indicating that the fruit growth rate was more strongly influenced by the solar radiation intensity and greenhouse temperature.(4)The variation of root matrix temperature is similar to that of solar radiation and greenhouse temperature.(5)There is no significant correlation between matrix water content and greenhouse temperature and humidity.These results indicated that there was a significant correlation between the growth of cucumber plants and solar radiation and greenhouse temperature.3.By planting cucumber varieties Deltastar and Chunchuwang No.3 in a modern greenhouse,from the cultivation of cucumber seedlings(seedlings grow to 6 ～ 8leaves of replanting),colonization(choose coconut bran strips after washing treatment),greenhouse management(early seedling cultivation,irrigation EC of about2.5ms/cm,p H of about 5.5 nutrient solution;After the greenhouse was transplanted,the nutrient solution with EC of 2.5 ～ 3.0ms/cm and p H of 5.5 was irrigated.During fruit growth period,the irrigation EC of 3.0 ms/cm,p H of about 5.5 nutrient solution),pest control and other aspects of planting experience were summarized,providing the latest technical support for modern greenhouse cucumber and coconut bran planting.In this study,comparing the plant characters,fruit characters,fruit quality and fruit yield of 9 cucumber varieties,we selected the cucumber varieties suitable for planting in modern greenhouses(Deltastar and Chunqiu Wang 3).At the same time,the analysis of the correlation between physiological ecology of cucumber in different environmental conditions and environmental factors in greenhouse provides an important basis for the soilless cultivation of cucumber in the greenhouse.In order to provide a more accurate basis for the cultivation of cucumber and coconut husk in the modern greenhouse soilless culture,the experience was summarized from the aspects of seedling cultivation,planting,greenhouse management and pest control. |
