Fetal Insula Sulci And Gyri Demonstration And Assessment Using Three-Dimensional Ultrasound

Chapter 1:Fetal insula sulci development on two-dimensional and multiple slice version three-dimensional ultrasoundObjective:Using trans-abdominal two-dimensional(2D)and multiple slice version three-dimensional(3D)ultrasound to observe the central sulci of insula(CIS)and to summarize its alteration as the gestational week increased.Moreover,to explore the feasibility and value of prenatal ultrasound in assessing the insula sulci.Materials and Methods:340 pregnant women with normal single pregnancy who received prenatal sonographic examination in our hospital from December 2021 to January 2023 were selected.Obtained trans-thalamic,trans-ventricle and trans-cerebellar plane from each case.Three-dimensional volume of fetal brain was obtained from trans-thalamic plane.CIS were then observed on both the 2D planes and the continuous trans-section using 3D post-processing technique,multi-plane imaging.The display rate of the sulci in the two imaging methods was recorded at each gestational week as a group.Results:From 27 gestational week,CIS could be displayed on the 2D plane and multi-plane imaging,and the display rates both increased with the gestational age.There was a difference in the display rate of the two imaging methods between 28 and 30 gestational weeks(P<0.05).The CIS and the platform of Sylvian fissure showed characteristic changes with gestational age.Conclusion:The trans-thalamus,trans-ventricle and trans-cerebellar can be used in detecting the development of the CIS prenatally with good value.The use of 3D multi-plane imaging can further make up for the display deficiency of traditional 2D planes.Chapter 2:Fetal insula sulci and gyri alteration on three-dimensional inverse crystal realistic vue imageObjective:To apply three-dimensional inverse crystal realistic vue(3D-ICRV)imaging in assessing the parameters and morphology of insular sulci and gyri.Materials and Methods:340 pregnant women with normal single pregnancy who received prenatal sonographic examination in our hospital from December 2021 to January 2023 were selected.Three-dimensional volume of fetal brain was obtained from transthalamic plane.Post-processing software 3D-ICRV was used for imaging.The display rate of CIS and whether the anterior and posterior lobes of insula was separated by CIS completely and the morphology of insula gyrus on 3D-ICRV image were recorded.The area and circumference of insula,the anterior and posterior lobes of insula,and the length of the CIS were measured.Results:From 28 to 29 gestational weeks on,CIS can be displayed and the display rate increased with the gestational age.From 30 to 31 gestational weeks on,we can see CIS separated the anterior and posterior lobes of insula.The area and circumference of fetal insula,the area of anterior and posterior insula lobe and the length of CIS all increased with the gestational age with a significant correlation(P<0.05).The morphology of the anterior and posterior insula lobes was characteristic and identifiable.Conclusion:3D-ICRV can provide vivid insula images that display the overall sulcus and gyrus,which can be used for prenatal observation and evaluation of the development of fetal insula.