| Objective:To provide a basis for the study of the history of TCM and Mongolian medicine exchange through the comparative study of TCM and Mongolian medicine recorded in Mongolian version The Fine Words of Smallpox.At the same time,to compare the Mongolian medicine for smallpox with the recorded medicine of The Fine Words of Smallpox,in order to provide some inspiration for the research of disease prevention and treatment drugs.Method:1.Literature Collection:(1)Collect books and documents related to medicinal materials recorded in The Fine Words of Smallpox Mongolian version,Chinese version and the fourth part thereof.Collect and sort out literatures on the treatment of smallpox by Mongolian medicine.(2)133 medicinal herbs recorded in the fourth part of the Mongolian version of The Fine Words of Smallpox were used as the basis for comparison,and Pharmacopoeia of The People’s Republic of China(Part 1 of the 2020 edition),Mongolian Medicine Roll of Materia Chinensis(2004 edition)and Mongolian Medicine Scroll of Encyclopaedia(2002 edition)were used as the main reference standards.Chinese Materia Medica(the 10 th edition of the Planning Textbook for National Higher Chinese Medicine Colleges and Universities),Notice of Mongolian Medicine(Chambradolj,translated from Chinese by Robesan et al.,2006 edition),Pharmacognosy(annotated by Robesan et al.,2021 edition),Records of Mongolian Medicine(edited by Robesan et al.,1990 edition),Manual of Mongolian Medicine(edited by Bu and Batel et al.,1990 edition)for supplementary reference.2.Comparative analysis:(1)Comparative study was made on 65 kinds of TCM and Mongolian medicinal materials recorded in The Fine Words of Smallpox.To explore the similarities and differences between the cross varieties of traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine in the aspects of base source,drug site,drug flavor,property,processing and function indications.(2)The medicinal materials used in the treatment of smallpox by Mongolian medicine were sorted out and compared with the medicinal materials listed in The Fine Words of Smallpox,so as to explore whether the medicinal materials used in the treatment of the same disease by traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine were cross-used.Result:1.The 1.There were 65 cross-varieties of Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine among the 133 medicinal materials recorded of The Fine Words of Smallpox.By comparing the two medical systems’ understanding of the source,property,effect and processing of the same medicinal materials,it was concluded that there were many cross-points between Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine.However,due to different theoretical systems and different practical experiences,the understanding and application of these medicinal materials were also different.The main performance is as follows:(1)In terms of the theory of medicinal properties,the theory of medicinal properties of traditional Chinese medicine mainly includes the four Qi,five taste,meridian conversion,rise and fall and so on.The theory of medicinal properties of Mongolian medicine mainly includes medicinal taste,medicinal property,medicinal power and medicinal effect.Even if it is the same medicine,under the guidance of different cultures and theories,its effects vary greatly.In general,the two medical systems reflect the efficacy of a drug through its taste.In Mongolian medicine,the flavor,potency and potency of medicines represent different effects and applications of medicines.Traditional Chinese medicine reflects the tendency of drug action and the selectivity of zang-fu organs,channels and collaterals by means of ups and downs and meridian normalization.Both medical systems take "hot medicine for cold diseases,cold medicine for heat diseases" as the basic principle of drug treatment.(2)In terms of the source of medicinal materials,both TCM and Mongolian medicine are mainly natural medicinal materials.They are mainly derived from plants,animals and minerals,among which plant medicine is the main source.Due to the influence of different ethnic culture,geographical environment and practical experience,the sources of some medicinal materials in TCM and Mongolian medicine are different.It is common for one medicine to have multiple sources due to different local drug use habits.Moreover,in the long-term development process,the communication of Chinese medicinal materials is essential,because the supply of medicinal materials is insufficient,or other medicinal materials are used instead of medicine,resulting in the confusion of medicinal materials varieties.(3)Medicinal parts,for the same medicinal plant,the parts used in traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine are different.A full understanding of different parts of medicinal materials is conducive to the expansion of medicinal resources.(4)In terms of functional indications,due to the differences in the theory of medicinal properties of two medical systems and the practical content of cognition subjects,there are also similarities and differences in the understanding of medicinal properties of medicinal materials,so there are also differences in functional indications.Because of the nature of the drug,it also determines the commonality of the two medical systems in the aspect of functional indications.(5)In the aspect of drug processing,due to the difference of Chinese and Mongolian medicine theory and practical experience,the processing methods are also different according to the different varieties,usages and functions of medicinal materials.2.There are 112 kinds of prescriptions for smallpox in Mongolian and Tibetan medical books,such as Moon Emperor of Medicine,The Four Medical Tantarts,The Four Tantarts of Nectar,The Sea of Medicine,A Collection of Secret Recipes of Mongolian Medicine,Rantab,The Secret of Medical Trick,Secret Purpose,Selected Mongolian medicine.According to statistics,these prescriptions were composed of 126 kinds of medicinal materials,among which23 kinds were used cross-over with the Chinese medicinal materials recorded in The Fine Words of Smallpox.The results showed that the two medical systems had a lot in common in the treatment of the same disease.In-depth study of these prescriptions and medicinal materials will have important reference significance for the prevention and control of epidemic in the future.Conclusion:1.The inflow of medical works is also a way of communication between TCM and Mongolian medicine.The spread of the Mongolian version The Fine Words of Smallpox in Mongolia not only helped to cure smallpox,but also promoted the spread of traditional Chinese medicine in Mongolia,which had a certain influence on the development of Mongolian medicine.To explore the influence of TCM in the development of Mongolian medicine can provide a basis for the study of the history of exchange between TCM and Mongolian medicine.2.In the history of TCM and Mongolian medicine exchange,the exchange of medicinal materials is the most frequent,and the supply of many non-native Mongolian medicinal materials depends on the TCM market.Through the comparative study of TCM and Mongolian medicinal materials,the relationship and rules between TCM and Mongolian medicinal materials were understood and analyzed,and the similarities and differences were found.Under the guidance of Mongolian medicine theories,the theoretical characteristics of TCM medicinal materials were learned and effective medication experience was absorbed,so as to improve the theoretical system of Mongolian medicine and expand the scope of clinical application of medicines.3.Smallpox belongs to the category of febrile disease in Mongolian medicine.Although smallpox has been eradicated,the medicinal materials used in the treatment of smallpox have a good reference significance for the prevention and treatment of diseases by traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine. |
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