Survey On Nutrition,Physical Development And Intelligence Of Children Aged 10 To 12 Years In Rural Linxia Prefectere,Gansu Province

Objective: To understand the nutrition and physical development status of rural children in Linxia Prefecture,Gansu Province,the intellectual status and existing problems,to explore the relationship between children’s nutrition and physical development and intelligence,and to provide the prevention and treatment basis for the reasonable nutrition and intellectual development of the population.Methods: In 2019,a cross-sectional survey method randomly selected school children aged 10 to 12 in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture,measured height and weight,calculated the physical fitness index(BMI)and detection rate of malnutrition,growth retardation,overweight and obesity to evaluate child growth and development;qualified provincial experts tested the China Joint Raven test(rural version)and calculated the intelligence status to evaluate the relationship between child nutrition and physical development and intelligence.Result:1.Basic status: A total of 1721 school-aged children aged 10-12 in rural Linxia Prefecture were investigated,including 918 boys and 803 girls.635 in the 10-year group,598 in the11-year group and 488 in the 12-year group.2.Physical Status,lattice development and nutritional status The mean weight of children aged 10,11 and 12 years in rural Linxia Prefecture was 32.5kg,33.5 kg and 34.9 kg,and the mean height was 139.3cm,141.4cm and 143.5cm.The detection rate of malnutrition was 35.1%(36.9% male and 33.0% female),including moderate to severe wasting 23.4%,11.7%,overweight 4.7% and obesity,and no statistical difference(P> 0.05).The total growth retardation rate of children was 5.8%,which increased with age,4.2% for boys and 7.4% for girls.There were statistical differences between gender and age(P <0.05).There were statistical differences between sex and age(P <0.05).3.Intelligence level In 2019,the average IQ(IQ)of rural school-age children aged 10-12 in Linxia Prefecture was 103.2,with 1.0% with low IQ,12.4% below the middle level,and 87.6% with IQ at the middle or above level.The mean IQ of children at 12,11 and 10 years was 99.2,103.3 and106.1,respectively,and the IQ distribution was statistically different(P<0.05).The mean IQ of male and female children was 102.9 and 103.4,respectively,and the IQ distribution was statistically different(P<0.05).In 2006,2010 and 2019,the IQ of rural school children increased with the passage of year,and there were statistical differences in the frequency distribution of IQ grades between years(P<0.05).4.Physical status and the relationship between nutritional status and intellectual developmentThere was no correlation between BMI,height and intelligence(r=0.019,0.002;P> 0.05),and child weight was positively correlated with intelligence(r=0.021,P<0.001).Their nutritional status divided children into moderate to severe wasting,mild wasting,normal,overweight and obese.The average IQ of children in each group was 102.7,102.8,103.3,102.5and 106.9,respectively.The better nutritional status of their IQ(H=602.816,P<0.05).According to different height levels,children were divided into lower,middle,middle,middle and upper groups.The average IQ of children in each group was 99.7,9,101.9,103.8,104.2 and107.6,showing the increased IQ of children,and the distribution of children with lower,middle,middle,middle and upper grades were different(H=55.174,P<0.05).Logistic Regression analysis showed that: height grade medium,middle and upper,upper class,normal nutritional status,normal growth retardation was a protective factor for children’s IQ(P<0.05).Low height and mild wasting were risk factors for IQ in children(OR> 1,P <0.05).Conclusion:1 The physical development level of rural school-age children in Linxia Prefecture of Gansu Province lags behind,and the malnutrition status is prominent.2 The intelligence of rural school-age children in Linxia Prefecture,Gansu Province is good,basically higher than the theoretical value.3 The nutritional status and physical development of rural school-age children in Linxia Prefecture,Gansu Province have a certain impact on intelligence,and children’s weight is positively correlated with intelligence;height grade is medium,middle and upper,upper,normal nutrition status,normal growth retardation is the protective factor for children’s intelligence;height and mild wasting are the risk factors for children’s intelligence.