Investigation On Occupational Stress And Health Status Of Medical Workers And Its Related Influencing Factors In Lanzhou City

ObjectiveTo investigate the general information,occupational stress,psychological distress and self-rated health status of medical staff in Lanzhou,to study the influencing factors of occupational stress,psychological distress and health status,and to explore the mediating effect of psychological distress on occupational stress and self-rated health of medical staff.To provide a scientific basis for alleviating occupational stress,reducing psychological distress and improving health status of medical staff in Lanzhou.MethodsStratified cluster sampling method was used to select 2 200 medical staff in Lanzhou for investigation,and a total of 2 169 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of99.50%.The Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale,the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and Self-Rated Health Measurement Scale were used to investigate the medical staff in Lanzhou.SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to analyze occupational stress,psychological distress and self-rated health status of medical staff with different characteristics by t-test,one-way analysis of variance and chi-squared test.Multivariate logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of occupational stress,psychological distress,and self-rated health status of medical staff.Process V4.1 software was used to analyze the mediating effect of psychological distress between occupational stress and self-rated health of medical staff by Bootstrap method.Results(1)Among the 2 169 medical staff in Lanzhou,1 289 had occupational stress,and the detection rate of occupational stress was 59.43%.The results of the comparison of the difference in occupational stress detection rate of medical staff with different characteristics showed that there were statistically significant differences in the occupational stress detection rate of medical staff with different ages,degrees,positions,professional titles,working years,and weekly working hours(all P<0.05).The results of the comparison of the scores of effort,reward and over-commitment dimensions among medical staff with different characteristics showed that in the effort dimension,there were statistically significant differences in the scores of medical staff with different age groups,education levels,marriages,household registration,hospital levels,positions,professional titles,monthly income,working years and weekly working hours(all P<0.05).In the dimension of reward,there were statistically significant differences in the scores of medical staff with different hospital levels and professional titles(all P<0.05).In the dimension of intrinsic engagement,there were statistically significant differences in the scores of medical staff with different age groups,marital status,professional titles,working years,and weekly working hours(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that longer weekly working hours was a risk factor for high occupational stress(OR=1.579,2.602,all P<0.05).(2)Among 2 169 medical staff in Lanzhou,the total score of the psychological distress scale was(24.25±7.75).According to the psychological distress definition value K10≥16 points,1 885 medical staff(86.91%)had different degrees of psychological distress.The comparison of psychological distress scores of medical staff with different characteristics showed that there were statistically significant differences in psychological distress scores of medical staff with different ages,hospital levels,professional titles,monthly incomes,working years,weekly working hours,and occupational stress levels(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that working years,weekly working hours,and occupational stress were independent influencing factors of psychological distress(all P<0.05).(3)The results of comparison between the scores of each subscale of self-rated health of medical staff in Lanzhou and the norm showed that the total score of the scale and the scores of physical,psychological and social health subscales were lower than those of the norm(all P<0.05),and the score of physical health subscale was the highest(131.94±19.65).The comparison of the scores of the physical,psychological and social health subscales of the Selfrated health Rating Scale of medical staff with different characteristics showed that in the physical health subscale,there were statistically significant differences in the scores of medical staff with different ages,household registration,hospital level,professional titles,working years,weekly working hours,occupational stress and psychological distress(all P<0.05).In the mental health subscale,there were statistically significant differences in the scores of medical staff with different ages,hospital levels,professional titles,monthly incomes,working years,weekly working hours,occupational stress and psychological distress(all P<0.05).In the social health subscale,there were statistically significant differences in the scores of medical staff with different genders,marriages,hospital levels,positions,working years,weekly working hours,occupational stress and psychological distress(all P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,weekly working hours,occupational stress,and psychological distress were independent influencing factors for self-rated health status(all P<0.05).(4)Bootstrap method was used to analyze the mediating effect of psychological distress on occupational stress and self-rated health.The results showed that psychological distress partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress and self-rated health.Conclusions(1)The detection rate of occupational stress in medical staff in Lanzhou is high.There were differences in the occupational stress detection rates of medical staff with different ages,education levels,positions,professional titles,working years,and weekly working hours.Weekly working time is the influencing factor of occupational stress in medical staff.(2)The detection rate of psychological distress of medical staff in Lanzhou is high.There were differences in the scores of psychological distress among medical staff with different ages,hospital levels,professional titles,monthly incomes,working years,weekly working hours and occupational stress.Working years,weekly working hours and occupational stress are the influencing factors of psychological distress of medical staff.(3)Among the three subscales of the self-rated health rating scale,the medical staff in Lanzhou had the highest score in the physiological health subscale.There were differences in the total scale scores among medical staff with different ages,hospital levels,working years,weekly working hours,occupational stress and psychological distress.Age,weekly working time,occupational stress and psychological distress are the influencing factors of the health status of medical staff.(4)Psychological distress played a partial mediating role between occupational stress and self-rated health of medical staff.