Study On The System Of Government Affairs Punishment In Ming Dynasty

Political punishment was one of the means of governing the country in Ming Dynasty.Ming Taizu set up the world with martial arts and ruled the peace.As early as when he was in the army,Taizu already recognized the importance of the rule of law.After the founding of the state,he had the "Daming Law" elaborated,and after that,it took more than 20 years from its creation to its final promulgation,which covered many aspects of government affairs,including the system to be observed by officials when they went to work,attended court,and ruled on disasters,as well as the punishment for violating the law.The punishment for government affairs in the Ming Dynasty had distinctive characteristics of the times.When an official violated the law,the Ming court according to the type of official,rank to be punished,Beijing officials violated the law to the Department of Justice,the proposed crime;outside officials of more than five grades of officials,the report for the order,not allowed to ask,after approval,before the trial to issue the cause,whether Beijing officials or outside officials,the ruling power of punishment by the emperor.In the Ming Dynasty,the officials were punished according to the degree and harm done by the officials,often "light and heavy,leniency and severity".Due to the varying quality of officials,there were inertia,mistakes,and corruption of the official culture.The punishment of government affairs is also a sword hanging over the heads of officials,which not only has the effect of regulating the behavior of officials and rectifying the ecology of the officialdom,but also has the effect of improving administrative efficiency.Ming Dynasty based on the need to divide government affairs,the cabinet gradually emerged,the cabinet minister increasingly high power.In the middle of the Ming Dynasty,the chief ministers competed fiercely with each other,and the punishment of government affairs became a tool of cronyism;the emperor held the power of ruling on the punishment of officials,and inevitably there were "laws from the king","legal system but not rule of law",so that the punishment was mixed with the phenomenon of emotion,which greatly undermined the Ming Dynasty government affairs The fairness of punishment.The punishment of government affairs was closely related to the political situation of the Ming Dynasty.At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty,when the Ming Dynasty was in a state of ruin,Taizu ruled the country with a heavy-handed approach,and "the corrupt officials were put in strict discipline" to quickly curb the corrupt culture of the late Yuan Dynasty.In the middle of the Ming Dynasty,the Department of Justice on the prison,more against the law,specializing in carving deep,issued to the prisoner,more than the reference to the language of the petition,change the law.The emperor’s suspicion of the growing number of injustice,political punishment has become a personal tool to exclude political enemies.Caught in the late Ming,political corruption,Shen Zong neglect of government and more and more arguments with the officials so that the system of punishment of government is increasingly flaccid.Hizong trusted the eunuchs,torture and unrest in the court.Si Zong in the midst of internal and external problems,the implementation of punishment is quite urgent,wanting to save the state by severe punishment,but the dynasty is not the day,only by punishment to restrain officials,it is difficult to save the Ming dynasty will fall.