Research On The Value Of Cultural Ecosystem Services In Puzhehei Scenic Aera—Based On Monetization-SolVES Model

With the continuous degradation of ecosystem services,the demand for cultural ecosystem services(CES)is increasing.The unique spiritual attributes of CES makes it easier to be perceived and experienced by human beings,and plays an irreplaceable role in promoting human well-being.The ultimate goal of CES research is to promote the integration of ecosystem services into ecosystem management decisions,which needs to provide quantitative and visual evaluation results for decision makers and managers to explain the state or change characteristics of regional CES.However,compared with the supply,regulation and support services,the comprehensive valuation and spatial quantitative research of the CES are obviously insufficient,especially in karst scenic area with fragile ecological environment and extremely rich CES resources.Therefore,karst scenic area CES need attention and protection,it is necessary to deepen the CES monetary value space visualization research,enhance the public understanding of the importance of CES,for the effective management of cultural ecosystem services resources to provide scientific guidance,development and protection,Promote coordinated and sustainable development between social and economic and ecosystem.This study follows the basic ideas of "field investigation→identification of CES types→CES monetary value accounting→demonetization Value Index spatial mapping→ spatial visualization of monetary value".Taking Puzhehei Scenic area,a typical karst area,as an example,firstly,the main types of CES were identified based on field investigation.Secondly,Travel cost method,Chioce experiment method,Emergy method,Conditional value method and Delphi method were used to build a model for evaluating the monetary value of CES.To calculate the monetary value of the main types of CES.Then,the Sol VES model is used to calculate the Value Index of each type of CES and make spatial mapping.Finally,the Monetization-Sol VES model is constructed based on Arc GIS software to realize the spatial visualization of monetary value of the CES.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Identification of main types of cultural ecosystem servicesOn the basis of literature review,field research and on-site observation,the CES types of Puzhehei Scenic Spot were initially selected,including Recreation,Aesthetic,Therapeutic,Cultural heritage,Biodiversity,Social＿relations,Intrinsic,Sense＿of＿place,Future,Educational research,Inspiration services,altogether 11 types.Through the design of the identification questionnaire for the main types of CES in Puzhehei Scenic Spot,according to the results of the identification questionnaire,the main types of cultural services in Puzhehei Scenic spot are identified as Recreation,Aesthetic,Therapeutic,Cultural heritage,Biodiversity,Social＿relations,Intrinsic,Sense＿of＿place,future,Educational research services.As the research object of the subsequent valuation of CES.(2)Monetary value of CESBy the calculation,In 2019,the Aesthetic value,Biodiversity value,Cultural heritage value,Future value,Intrinsic value,Recreation value,Educational research value,Therapeutic value,Sense＿of＿place value and Social＿relations value of Puzhehei Scenic Spot were 671.06 million yuan,267.49 million yuan,199.35 million yuan,186.20 million yuan,153.38 million yuan,11331.69 million yuan,10.85 million yuan,358.40 million yuan,144.89 million yuan,160.14 million yuan.Among them,the value of Recreation is the highest,while the value of Educational research is the lowest.In2019,the total monetary value of puzhehei Scenic Spot CES was 13483.45 million yuan.(3)Spatial mapping of CES demonetization Value IndexThe Area under curve(AUC)values of each value type of CES in Puzhehei Scenic Spot were all greater than 0.7,Which shows that the Sol VES model performed well and successfully.The Maximum Value Index(M＿VI)of the 10 types of CES is as follows:Aesthetic value = Intrinsic value > Biodiversity value > Future value > Recreation value= Cultural heritage value = Therapeutic value = Social＿relations value >Sense＿of＿place value > Educational research value;From the spatial distribution diagram of the CES Value Index,the high-value index regions are concentrated in the north and middle of the scenic spot,and are mainly distributed along the classic cruise project and around the main scenic spots.On the whole,the Value Index of the 10 types of CES Value Index were positively correlated with Distance to Roads,Elevation and Slope,but negatively correlated with Distance to Wetland.The two types of land use Value Index of forest land and wetland land had higher level.(4)Spatial visualization of monetary value of CESIn 2019,the highest value and average monetary value of integrated CES in Puzhehei Scenic spot was 32826.05 yuan and 8706.73 yuan in the size of 10 m×10 m grid pixels Among them,Recreation value has the highest monetary value of 273921 yuan,while Educational research value has the lowest value of 167.66 yuan.The value of the 10 types of CES varies greatly in a single grid pixel,and their spatial distribution is unbalanced.(5)Monetization-Sol VES modelMonetization-Sol VES model makes up for the deficiencies of the monetization value accounting method which cannot show the spatial heterogeneity of CES and the non-monetary spatial mapping method which cannot intuitively quantify the monetary value of CES.And the spatial visualization of monetary value of CES was carried out based on Monetization-Sol VES model.The research results are consistent with the survey results of respondents and the actual situation of the study area,and the method can provide a reference for the research of CES in similar areas.