Study On The Cryogenic Storage Remains Of Pre-qin

The pre-Qin period is an important stage in the history of China.The study of cryogenic storage remains is a hot academic issue in archaeology.The identification,functional analysis of form,layout and evolution of cryogenic storage remains are all key issues in this study.The research in this paper focuses on these key issues and has certain research significance and academic value.This paper takes the cryogenic storage remains of the pre-Qin period as the object of study,and intends to fill in the gaps in these areas through a comprehensive study of the cryogenic storage buildings of the pre-Qin period in order to explore the cryogenic storage system,layout relationships,and to study the social landscape and ritual systems of the pre-Qin period in conjunction with archaeological data and historical documents.Firstly,the paper identifies the concept of cryogenic storage remains from the pre-Qin period and defines them as: cryogenic storage remains refer to the remains of buildings built by ancient people using natural low temperatures to provide cold storage.Cryogenic storage remains can be divided into two main categories,in terms of the method of use: the first is the ice storage method,Ling Yin;the second is the well storage method,refrigerated wells and cellars.Secondly,the paper discusses the criteria for identifying cryogenic storage remains.Based on this,a comprehensive overview of the cryogenic storage remains found in the pre-Qin period is presented in chronological order.Thirty-seven cryogenic storage remains were identified in places such as Taosi,Erlitou,Zhengzhou Shang City,Yanshi Shang City,Huanbei Shang City,Yinxu,Zhou Yuan,Qin Yongcheng,Zheng Han Forbidden City,Chu Ji Nancheng,and Yan Xiadu.The paper then uses archaeological typology to classify the cryogenic storage remains of the pre-Qin period into three main types: cold storage cellars,cold storage wells and cold storage chambers.At the same time,the structural and functional analysis of the cryogenic storage remains suggests that the structure of cryogenic storage remains in the pre-Qin period consisted of two main parts: above and below ground.The three main functions are meat storage,storage of seasonal fruits and vegetables,and ice storage.Fourthly,the paper discusses the layout,construction and use systems of cryogenic storage remains in the pre-Qin period.On a national scale,cryogenic storage remains from the pre-Qin period are mainly found in the capital cities of each period;the distribution of cryogenic storage remains in the capital cities is dominated by their proximity to the palace area;the layout within the palace area,combined with the palace layout of the ’former dynasty logistics’,shows that cryogenic storage remains are mainly found in the vicinity of the bedchamber;the layout within the bedchamber,its relationship to the "The layout within the bedchamber is closely related to that of the ’East Kitchen’.The construction of the cryogenic storage remains consisted of five steps: the ramming of the foundation,the excavation of the cellar pit,the construction of the cellar walls,the special treatment and the construction of the roofing facilities.The discussion of the system of use is centred on the ling yin,including the system of the lingguan,the system of ice harvesting,ice storage,ice opening and ice use.The role of ice was mainly for the daily life of the royal family,for feasting and enjoyment,for sacrificing ice as a ritual,for rewarding-’using ice for the body government’-and for embalming corpses.Finally,the paper summarises the characteristics of the cryogenic storage remains of the pre-Qin period.It also provides an overview of the development of later generations.The functions of ice storage,meat storage,fruit and vegetable preservation developed by the cryogenic storage remains of the pre-Qin period were used by later generations and set the basic pattern for the form of cryogenic storage facilities in later times.The exact timing of the emergence of cryogenic storage buildings may not be possible to ascertain in detail.However,since the Taosi culture,low-temperature storage buildings have been incorporated into the development of the early state,passing through the millennia and becoming one of the core elements of the three generations of ritual civilization: Taosi,Xia Dynasty(Erlitou),Shang Dynasty(Erligang-Yinmu)and Zhou Dynasty.