Research On The Industrial Geography Of Xi'an During The Anti-Japanese Wa

The period of the Republic of China was an important stage of Xi’an’s industrial development,and the period of the Anti-Japanese War was a critical period for Xi’an’s industry to achieve leapfrog development.From then on,Xi’an gradually transitioned from an agricultural society to an industrial society.As an important part of modern industry in Xi’an,the development of inward-relocated industry has driven the development of local industry and promoted the progress of the city.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the inward migration,distribution as well as the production and operation of industries during the Anti-Japanese War for discussing the development of modern industry and analyzing the social changes in Xi’an.The research period of the article is from 1931 to 1945,and the geographical scope is Xi’an City and its Siguan area.Using archives collection,newspapers of the Republic of China,local historical records,industrial site museum materials,factory inspections and other materials,this paper makes a systematic study from the perspective of historical urban geography in tend to revivificate the background,spatial layout,production and operation of the industry relocation,and summarize the status and function of inward relocated industry in Xi’an’s modern industrialization and urbanization.The research on the Xi’an’s inward relocated industries during the Anti-Japanese War firstly focus on the basis of industrial development before the Anti-Japanese War and clarify the background of industrial internal migration.On this basis,we divide the time period of industrial internal migration into the period of spontaneous,concentrated and stagnant,and summarize the characteristics of each period.Most of the relocated industries in Xi’an came from North China.The improvement of the economic environment in Guanzhong area and the completion of the Longhai Railway provided conditions for the relocation of the industry.The changing circumstance of the AntiJapanese War pushed the relocation of the industry a switch from from pulling force to pushing force.Secondly,we analyze the spatial distribution of inward relocated industries in Xi’an,and conducts a case study on the scale and internal structure of enterprises.Small and medium-sized enterprises that moved inward tend to be in urban business districts,and the internal divisions are vague;large enterprises have higher requirements for land and transportation,and are distributed in the northeast and outside of the city,with complete internal facilities and obvious divisions.Dahua Textile Factory is the largest relocated enterprise in Xi’an.Its internal structure is not only the performance of production and operation,but also the epitome of labor-management relations.Thirdly,we study the production and operation of the relocated enterprises,and discusses the influence on the relocated enterprises caused by the Anti-Japanese War.The situation of the Anti-Japanese War determined the living conditions of the enterprises that moved inwards,and the government measures directly affected the development situation of the enterprises.The enterprises relocated to Xi’an have gone through four stages: surviving,developing,fluctuating and declining,and Dahua Textile Factory is a typical example.In addition,from a micro perspective,the article combines the research of enterprises,government and workers,and discusses the multiple faces of inward relocated enterprises.Finally,through the research and summary of the above-mentioned parts,we discuss the influence of the inward relocated industry on the city of Xi’an.The production and operation of inward-moving enterprises have driven the development of related industries,shaped the city’s appearance,and subtly changed the way of life of the people.Xi’an has moved forward on the road of modern times.In modern times,Xi’an’s industrial development has inherent disadvantages.Under the government’s efforts and the coercion of war,it has become a gathering place for inward relocated enterprises.Restricted by the environmental and social conditions in Xi’an,the inward relocated enterprises face a low level of development and an unbalanced development,and are struggling to survive under the control and plunder of the National Government.However,by virtue of their own efforts and various conditions,the inward-moving enterprises have grown and grown,becoming the economic growth pole of Xi’an,making significant contributions to urban construction and social development,and injecting vitality into modern Xi’an.Changes in the domestic situation after the end of the Anti-Japanese War have hit the inward relocated enterprises,and the industrialization process of Xi’an has also suffered setbacks.The surviving inward relocated enterprises have become the driving force for the new development of Xi’an.