A Study On The Time Measure Adjectives "Zao" And "Wan"

This paper takes the adjective "Zao" and "Wan" as the research object,and uses the methods of qualitative and quantitative combination,description and interpretation combination,and comparative analysis to carry out in-depth research and comparison of "Zao" and "Wan" from three aspects of syntactic format,reference object,and time measurement.At the same time,combined with the reference object,this paper uses the subjective perspective theory to explain the asymmetric problem of "Zao","Wan" and "Zhene" collocation.The first chapter is an introduction,which mainly discusses the reason for choosing this topic and the significance of the research,introduces the existing research status,and introduces the research methods and corpus sources used in this paper.The academic community has not paid enough attention to the study of time measure adjectives.There are still many problems to be solved in the existing research related to "Zao" and "Wan",and there is a lack of detailed explanation the fixed collocation "Zao Zhene".Therefore,this paper studies "Zao" and "Wan" and their related constructions.The second chapter mainly describes and compares the syntactic patterns of "early"and "late".The two have the same syntactic format,but there is also asymmetry.To be specific,first,"Zao" can be combined with "Zai" to form a "Zao+Zai+time" structure(for example,early in the period of socialist construction),but "Wan" cannot.Second,in the sentence pattern and structure,the adverbs before "Zao" and "Wan" have implicit asymmetry.In the "ba" sentence and "bei" sentence,"Wan" needs the adverb to appear together(for example,he sent his sister home very late),and "Zao" does not need to appear together with the adverb(for example,he sent his sister home early).Similarly,the adverbs in the two structures of(very)+Zao+Jiu "and" adverb+Wan+Cai"are also asymmetrical.The third chapter mainly describes and compares the reference objects of "Zao" and "Wan".From different perspectives,this paper divides the reference objects of "Zao" and "Wan" into three categories.The first category is divided into clear category and fuzzy category according to the existing state of the reference object in the sentence.The second is divided into subjective category and objective category according to the nature of the reference object,and the third is divided into time point category and time period category.The difference between "Zao" and "Wan" in reference objects is mainly reflected in the difference in emotional color.The subjective reference objects of "Zao" show more positive emotional color in the sentence,while the subjective reference objects of "Wan" show more negative emotional color such as regret in the sentence.The fourth chapter mainly describes and compares the time measurement of "Zao" and "Wan".The research is carried out from two aspects: subjective quantitative expression and magnitude collocation.From the perspective of expression means,"Zao" subjective quantitative expression means are more abundant.From the perspective of magnitude collocation,this paper is divided into five magnitudes: excess,extreme,high,medium and low."Zao" and "maximum" are the most frequently used,especially the degree adverb "most".And "Wan" is most collocated with the adverb of degree "relatively",which means medium quantity.This paper holds that the collocation of "Zao" with a large number of degree adverbs is unmarked,and the collocation of "Wan" with a small number of adverbs is unmarked.The fifth chapter mainly explains the asymmetry of the collocation of "Zao","Wan" and "Zhene".The emergence of "Zao Zhene" is the result of the comprehensive influence of the speaker,the position of the perspective and the direction of observation.The speaker uses "Zao Zhene" to express a large number of subjective characteristics of time.First,the speaker selects the speaking time as the position of the perspective,and the reference time as the perspective.Second,the speaker selects the comparison object according to the perspective of the same direction in accordance with the time sequence.Therefore,it is the speaker who uses the reference time to compare the event time to obtain "Zao Zhene".The last part is the conclusion.This part briefly summarizes the main points of the full text and points out the shortcomings of the research and the problems that can be further considered.