A Working Memory Capacity And Its Influence Factors Study On Biological Motion

Background:Military psychologists in the world’s leading military powers have been looking for effective ways to differentiate candidates with the potential to be excellent pilots.In order to develop the People’s Air Force into the world’s first-class air force,we must continue to improve the psychological selection system for flying cadets,based on the national conditions.Among all the dynamic behavior inspection items of the fourth platform which has the direct elimination authority,imitation exercise contributes experts most to judge the potential of examinees’ flight learning.However,there are still some problems with this project,such as lack of quantality reference for standard movement’s difficulty evaluation,and inconsistent scoring strategies of examiners for examinees’ behavior.In order to meet the requirements of the flying cadets’ growth potential given by high-performance fighters,the above problems must be taken good care of as soon as possible.Imitation exercise,as one type of biological motion(BM),has the characteristics and rules as BM.The theoretical basis to solve the current problems of the imitation exercise can be accumulated by studying BM.However,most of the studies focusing on BM had the following problems:(1)there were few experiment materials in the BM WM capacity(WMC)study,and in some cases,there is a situation that the not presented BMs were less than the presented BMs,which made the control of memory load,in some studies,partially invalid;(2)BM materials frequently used in experiments were highly conceptualized,and they were all common actions from daily life.The results showed that the articulation interference task in the dualtask paradigm could not suppress the verb encode as expected.(3)The influence of attribute difference on BM WMC was overlooked due to not distinguishing BM materials.The results obtained were based on the specific assumption that the BM presented in the experiments came from homogeneous samples;(4)The BM presentation method currently adopted was the point-light display(PLD)technology proposed by Johnson,which only retained the location information of key articulations;(5)Lacked the information of joint connection and skeletal muscle morphological change,which was far from the real situation.However,imitation exercises are characterized by large number of standardized movements,little use of common movements,and gradient setting of movement difficulty.Current studies on BM WM cannot provide a reference for the establishment of the evaluation strategies for the difficulty of retaining standard movements.Thus,it is still demanded to further explore the impact of different BM classifications on WMC,so this study is carried out.Research Content:This study was divided into three parts.The inclusion criteria were formulated by referring to the registration conditions of flying cadets’ selection,and the individuals who had participated in research related to WM training were excluded.Group by between-group variable.All BMs were remade by referring to the relevant description of articulation motion classification in systematic anatomy,which expanded the total amount of experiment materials and reduced the degree of conceptualization.In the first part,the WMC of BM performed by different upper limb’s joints were compared,and the effect of presentation duration on the WMC was investigated.To test the hypothesis of inconsistent BM WMC at different upper limb’s joints.In the second part,the WMC of BM performed by both sides of the upper limbs were compared to test the hypothesis that BM executed on which side of the upper limb does not affect the WMC.The third part compared the WMC of two groups of BMs with different anatomical complexity,also investigated the different effects of repeating verb interference task versus repeating number interference task in BM WMC task.To test the hypothesis that the WMC of BM with high anatomic complexity is smaller than that of BM with low anatomic complexity.Results:1.When the presentation duration was sufficient,the BM WMC at the three joints of the upper limb was 2.5～3.0 units.The trend of WMC of upper limb’s BM unit along with the increase of memory array set size was affected by joint.Compared with elbow and shoulder,the WMC of BM at wrist was more negatively affected by the total number of BM presented spontaneously.In a word,the more BMs at the wrist,the less accurate the memory.2.Bayesian factor analysis showed that extremely strong evidence was found supporting the hypothesis that the difference in BM WMC between left and right limbs was within 0.3.The results of equivalence test indicated that under the condition of regarding0.3 as the equivalent margin,it can be concluded that the WMC of BM units of both upper limbs was consistent.3.The WMC of BMs with high anatomical complexity was smaller than that of BM with low anatomical complexity,the WMC of high complexity BM stopped growing when the set size = 2,but the WMC of low complexity BM mounting up as the memory set size ramping up.At the same time,this study found that in the group with low-complexity BMs as experimental material,the WMC when repeating verbs was higher than when repeating numbers,suggesting that the body action verbs may have a priming effect on the retaining of BM.Conclusions:The main conclusions are as follows: First,the more wrist joint motion in upper limb’s BM,the more difficult it is to remember;Second,there was no capacity difference in BM between the left and right upper limbs.Third,the higher the anatomical complexity of BM,the more difficult it is to remember;Fourth,repeating body action verbs before memorizing BM may make the participants retain more low complexity BMs.The discovery of the above rules can provide a theoretical basis for the development of the evaluation strategy for the difficulty of imitation exercises’ standard movement.