Marx And Engels Freedom And Necessity Thought

The ideas of freedom and necessity were eventually developed into a complete philosophical concept by Kant,Hegel,Marx,and Engels.In the exposition of the philosophical content of the first part of the "Herr Eugen Durin’s Revolution in Science",Engels criticized the Durin view of nature,including the basic form of existence,the principle of natural knowledge,society and history,etc.,and on this basis,he systematically established the dialectical materialist view of nature.Engels took Durin’s transcendental idealistic view on the problem of scientific classification as the starting point,elucidated the principle of the material unity of the world,and criticized Durin’s idealistic and eclectic views on the issue of world unity.On the basis of criticizing and inheriting the excellent ideological heritage of predecessors,"Herr Eugen Durin’s Revolution in Science" incisively expounded the relationship between freedom and necessity,and Engels took the materialist view of history as the theoretical basis to sort out and summarize the connotation of Marx’s ideas of freedom and necessity,in order to understand the laws of the external world The use of autonomy and initiative as the main content,the realization of real human value as an important measure of social development,which contains a key problem,that is,how to achieve true freedom on the basis of the inevitable understanding of the objective world.Freedom begins on the other side of the kingdom of necessity and exists in the kingdom of necessity.Whether it is the dynamic practice and gradual development of subject and object,the final form is the unity of freedom and necessity.The article covers three areas: The first is to trace the understanding of freedom and necessity in German classical philosophy,analyze Marx and Engels’ understanding of freedom and necessity and abandon the idea of freedom and necessity in German classical philosophy,and the second is to highlight the main position of real people in freedom and necessity thought,comprehensively analyze the essence of real people,and dialectically look at the relationship between real people and nature.The third is based on Engels’ anti-Durin theory as the text,focusing on Engels’ transformation of freedom and necessity in historical materialism.Man is originally a sensual animal,in the process of deeply participating in practical activities,in the process of understanding the inevitable world and transforming the world,consciously thinking about the deep meaning of the emergence and development of objective things,and then perfecting the understanding of freedom,and finally through the phenomenon into the essence,the perceptual understanding of society gradually rises to rational understanding.Therefore,true freedom can only be achieved if objective inevitability is fully understood.Freedom is a product of historical development.Understanding and practice will continue to develop with the development of history,and accordingly,freedom should also be the product of historical development.Summarize the ideas of freedom and necessity in Engels’ "Herr Eugen Durin’s Revolution in Science",and systematically sort out the historical development clues of the dialectical relationship between freedom and necessity in the perspective of historical materialism.Finally,by grasping the idea of freedom and necessity,we will find a realistic path to make freedom inevitably become true freedom,explore its connotation of modernity,and find the practical significance of the dialectical relationship between freedom and necessity in the category of historical materialism.