A Study On The Phenomenon Of Subletting Houses In Shanghai During The Republic Of China Perio

This paper mainly studies the phenomenon of house subletting in Shanghai during the Republic of China.During the Republic of China,the housing problem of Shanghai citizens mainly depended on renting,among which subrenting was the most important way.In the sublease market,through the analysis of the occupational background and economic ability of various subjects in the sublease,it can be found that both the sublessor and the subtenants are mostly social labor class,and they live together in the Shikumen house because of economic constraints in the process of making a living in Shanghai.After the establishment of the Republic of China,with the economic development of Shanghai and the change of domestic and foreign situations,the influx of foreign population continued,and the supply and demand of subleasing market became increasingly tight,especially in the ten years after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War.In different periods of the Republic of China,the subtenancy phenomenon in Shanghai showed different characteristics.Under the policies or responses of the government(or authorities)and the pseudo-government at different stages,the subtenancy relationship between the sublessor and the subtenants gradually became distorted,and the subtenancy relationship gradually separated from the pure free market relationship.The phenomena such as huge ceiling fee,eviction of tenants and rent disputes in sublease market seriously disturbed people’s life at that time.The endless chaos and contradictions of subdivision resulted from the interaction of many factors,such as the unbalanced economic development of China during the Republic of China,the imbalance of urban-rural dual structure,the Japanese invasion,the economic development of Shanghai,and the policy missteps of the Kuomintang regime.From a purely economic point of view,the chaos in subleasing is also the inevitable response of market subjects under the influence of external factors for the purpose of maximizing their own interests.Therefore,the governance of all kinds of chaos in subleasing should focus on the soil caused by it,including unreasonable rental policies,hyperinflation,social and political and economic instability,in order to gradually eliminate all kinds of chaos.Simply banning all kinds of chaos can not solve the problem,but will promote the further distortion of the market.With the gradual deepening of the study of Shanghai during the Republic of China,on the one hand,we should objectively evaluate the historical role of subleasing,on the other hand,we should correctly deal with many problems arising from subleasing.When we see the chaotic phenomenon of sublease,we should also see the role of sublease in alleviating population pressure and developing economy.The evaluation of Shanghai principal landlords and other groups should also be more objective.We should not only see the exploitation and bullying of some sublessors,but also see their role in participating in soci al grass-roots governance and optimizing the allocation of social resources.Limited by the data,this paper cannot fully describe all the problems in the subtenancy life,but it is still helpful for us to understand the diversity of Shanghai’s historical urban life.