Research On The Primitive Confucian Thoughts Of Virtue

It is a basic fact of Confucian moral thought to take heaven as the ultimate source and form basis of the subject virtue.The origin of Confucianism was closely related to the religious ethics of Yin and Zhou dynasties,and the primitive belief in the Mandate of Heaven was related to the awakening of the primitive Confucian moral consciousness.Primitive Confucians’ philosophical reflection on the mandate of Heaven,which combines value rationality and religious mystery,stimulated the awakening of the moral power of the subject.From "the virtue of the mandate of Heaven" to "the virtue of the nature",people’s religious belief in the external mandate of Heaven gradually transformed into a firm belief in the internal virtue of the subject.Tracing the origin of one’s "virtue" back to the mandate of Heaven is the self-selection and conscious "mandate of heaven" of moral personality,and "mandate of Heaven" is further implemented in human nature and human heart,becoming the potential undeveloped performance of the subject.Religious emotion and moral emotion come together,and since then the formal and internal basis of the original Confucian moral thought has been established.However,even if the establishment of the metaphysical basis and internal basis of virtue affirms that human beings have a transcendental potential of virtue,and the moral subject is the moral noumenon,it is still a possibility rather than a reality.The perfection and realization of virtue still need the development of moral practice and the cultivation of moral time.This thesis is divided into five parts to discuss the original Confucian thought of virtue.The first part mainly explores the early origin of "virtue" in the soil of the "three generations" primitive belief and the concept of the mandate of heaven,clarifies the evolution process of "virtue" and highlights the religious origin of the Confucian tradition of virtue.On the basis of retrospection and induction of the meaning of "humanity",this paper focuses on describing and demonstrating the early form of subject virtue and its theoretical significance after the combination of "virtue" and "humanity".The second part,on the basis of the first part,more systematically and completely interprets the metaphysical basis and internal basis of the original Confucian subject virtue.Clarify the theoretical logic and ideological process of "mandate of heaven","human nature" and "human heart".The third part takes the practice of virtue as the theme,points out the background of the formation of the thought of virtue and the practice of virtue,emphasizes the unity of "ren" as the internal virtue and "li" as the external norm,and concludes the internal condition of the subject of the practice of virtue as an integral structure of virtue.Then it explains the value pursuit of virtue practice and its practical influence.The fourth part takes virtue cultivation and virtue realm as the theme,analyzes the two methods of primitive Confucian virtue cultivation and the Confucian virtue realm of inner saints and outer Kings.The fifth part,on the basis of the formation of the original Confucian moral thought in the first four parts,understands the theoretical logic and theoretical significance of the original Confucian moral thought,so as to further reflect and position the original Confucian moral thought from the perspective of thought and reality,and trace back and excavate the development and evolution of the original Confucianism and later Confucian moral thought.And explore the "legitimacy" and practical significance of its existence in modern times.