A Study On Local Grammatical Patterns Of Adjective "Hao,Huai And Cha"

Local grammar emphasizes the description of the language in practical use,and matches the structural elements of the p attern with specific functional or semantic labels.It can not only reveal the association between vocabulary and grammar,pattern and meaning,but also see the association between pattern and function.Evaluation is a common function of language.At present,there is a lack of local grammar research on evaluation in Chinese.In all kinds of evaluation sentences,adjectives account for a large proportion.Based on the Annotated Corpus of Modern Chinese of the National Language Commission,using the theory o f evaluation local grammar and taking the research path of“aspecific lexicon--pattern--evaluation pattern--evaluation local grammar pattern”to study the evaluation local grammar pattern of adjective“Hao（好）”“Huai（坏）”“Cha（差）”.Through data extraction and analysis,we get sixteen first level patterns and forty secondary patterns of adjectives“Hao”.There are seven first level patterns and eighteen secondary patterns of the adjective“Huai”.There are five first level patterns and fifteen secondary patterns of the adjective“Cha”.Referring to Martin&White’s grammatical structure test mode of the Attitude System,combined with the characteristics of Chinese,this paper proposes a Chinese Attitude System grammatical structure test model.According to this model,we test the patterns of adjective“Hao”“Huai”“Cha”,and get the evaluation patterns with evaluation meaning.Then,we match the functional categories with the structural components of th e evaluation patterns,and get three kinds of local evaluation grammatical patterns:evaluation+（hinge）+evaluation object;evaluation object+（hinge）+evaluation+（hinge）+（affected person）;evaluation object₁+hinge+evaluation object₂+evaluation.This paper investigates the distribution of“Hao”“Huai”“Cha”in the three types of evaluation local grammar patterns,and makes a comparative analysis of their use frequency,text distribution and semantic trend.The results show that evaluation local grammar pattern 2 is the typical of the three.It is the highest frequency of use,the widest range of text distribution,and the most semantic parameter categories of the evaluation object.The research of this paper proves the feasibility and rationality of exploring Chinese evaluation local grammar from the specific word form,enriches the research content of evaluation local grammar,expands the perspective of adjective research,and provides useful basic data for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.