On Heidegger’s Hermeneutic Interpretation Of Dasein

What is the reason for the existence in the world,and what is the meaning of it,has always been a mystery that human beings have been diligently seeking to solve.He challenged the traditional metaphysics of the subject-object dichotomy by rethinking the question of being,arguing that the question of being should be examined in a more primordial way,and that the meaning of the human should be considered before asking about the meaning of being.Therefore,he proposes the concept of “Dasein” to replace the word “Human” in order to avoid the rigid definition of “ Human ” in metaphysics.Heidegger believes in the phenomenological principle of “ To the things themselves ” and considers that the phenomenological method applied to Dasein is actually the hermeneutics of this Dasein,and that the meaning of existence is revealed in the process of interpretation of the self by Dasein.The purpose of this paper is to use Heidegger’s hermeneutic approach to examine the question of Dasein,in order to achieve the overall goal: how Dasein can be understood and revealed through hermeneutics,to further examine the facticity state of Dasein in its existence,and finally to include death in the analysis of ontology,to provide a possible premise for the true understanding of Dasein,and to guarantee the integrity of the overall analysis of ontology.This paper intends to elaborate Heidegger’s ontology analysis of Dasein and now in four ways.First of all,Heidegger argues that a phenomenology “To the things themselves”should actually be oriented to being itself,pointing out that the problem of being is not only the foundation and premise of science,but also the question of whether the existential foundation of the previously existing science is possible.Accordingly,Heidegger proposes “Dasein” on the basis of a critique of traditional metaphysics,where the lived experience of actuality is more primordial than any theory,and therefore has priority in ontology and hermeneutic theory.The formulation of Dasein renews the perspective of inquiry into the problem of being and completes the preparatory work of the pre-existential analysis.Second,the hermeneutic method of interpretation,Heidegger’s hermeneutics evolved from phenomenology,and the hermeneutic situation gives the existential analysis a source guarantee.The hermeneutic as a method interprets Dasein existential activity,and the existential problem is then revealed in the daily interpretative activity Dasein.In this process,hermeneutics achieves an ontological turn and phenomenology shifts from its previous essential intuition to experiential intuition.Third,the basic style of Dasein in its existence is elaborated,that is,Dasein being-with others in the world,and manifesting itself in everyday life as a“ They ”.Understanding is the way of being of Dasein,Dasein exists in the project understanding,and understanding is also the projection of the possibility of Dasein’s existence.Understanding is at the same time the interpretation of the present self by Dasein,the recognition and concern for itself.Finally,after completing the previous analysis,Heidegger incorporates death into the ontology discussion.Death is the final link in the existential construction,which has not been addressed in the previous existential analysis,and therefore needs to be discussed after completing the preparatory infrastructural structure of Dasein in order to guarantee the wholeness of the existential analysis,and the understanding of death is based on the overall structure of Dasein.Death is at the same time the authentic understanding of Dasein,and by clarifying the meaning of Being-toward-death,we can learn the true nature of Dasein in existence.Heidegger first shatters the traditional metaphysical theoretical framework on the problem of being through a fundamental ontology,arguing that the meaning of being can be revealed in an existential analysis of Dasein.Heidegger takes the ontology analysis of Dasein as the basis of all ontologies,and in preparation,Heidegger specifies the essence of Dasein as existence,and thus the apprehension of ontology can be accessed by explaining the existential activity of Dasein in its existence.Heidegger sees ontology analysis as an interpretation and understands fundamental ontology as hermeneutics.In ontology,interpretation derives from the existential apprehension of Dasein itself.The hermeneutic situation provides the source of the fundamental ontology,while the hermeneutic situation depends on the authenticity and wholeness of Dasein,and the authenticity and wholeness depend on Dasein’s understanding of death.With such a theoretical foundation as the core,the paper will discuss a series of existential issues of Dasein as a whole through a hermeneutic approach.