Monopoly And Breakthrough Of Morality:Hollywood’s Golden Age Film Censorship 1934-1952

In 1934,Hollywood effectively implemented the Hayes Code,responding to multiple reviews from state censorship agencies,the Catholic Moral Alliance,and other parties through industry self-discipline.It formed a vertical monopoly system for movies and a monopoly on moral content within the industry.Under the dual monopoly,the American film industry entered a golden period that lasted for more than a decade,It was not until the "Miracle Case" in 1952 that the absolute control of the film industry and Catholicism over moral content was broken by the revision of the film’s attributes.During this period,Hollywood films gradually broke away from their implicit style,the scale of film censorship gradually increased,and the authority of the executive board gradually disappeared.The film industry,after decades of hardships and trials,ultimately overcame the challenge of censorship system.The main body of the article is divided into four chapters: Chapter 1 mainly discusses the reasons for the formation of the executive board of ethical monopolies and the initial review strategies;The second chapter elaborates on Hollywood’s monopoly system and the monopoly of moral content in film censorship,while also studying the pre war film censorship content and the balance of morality,politics,and entertainment formed during the censorship process;The third chapter discusses the crisis faced by the film industry from 1946 to 1952,the shift in film censorship content,the crisis faced by film censorship,the resistance of foreign films,and the censorship crisis caused by the "Miracle Case";The fourth chapter mainly studies the impact of the strong enforcement of the Hayes Code on the development of American cinema,and has certain reference significance for the improvement and development of China’s film censorship and film industry.In short,Hollywood’s golden age was also a game against censorship,the American government,religion,and social forces.While Hollywood broke through numerous blockades through self-improvement,it also brought about its own rapid development.And China’s film companies themselves need to continuously enhance their strength,and the government continuously improves the review system to promote the development of China’s film industry.