Research On Modern Sports Association In Shanghai(1843—1949)

In 1843,when Shanghai opened its port,its isolation from world civilization was broken,and its modernization process began,including sports.In modern China’s anti-imperialist and anti-feudal road,the role played by sports can not be underestimated.Shanghai,a typical metropolis rising in modern times,is a microcosm of the rise and fall of modern China,which can fully demonstrate how sports in modern sense were introduced into China and finally integrated into all social classes in modern Shanghai and even the whole China.The change of modern ideology stimulated the folk creativity of Shanghai society and gave birth to the establishment of a large number of associations.At that time,social sports activities in Shanghai gradually rose,and one of its important manifestations was the appearance of sports associations.By using the methods of literature,logical analysis,historical research and other research methods,combined with the historical background of the old Shanghai,the study found that under the demonstration and guidance of foreign sports associations in concessions,YMCA,church schools and chambers of commerce sports associations,the public gradually realized the importance of sports associations.Sports clubs have shown diversified development,with martial arts clubs and school sports clubs as the main focus,and the competition for sports leadership as the focus.Amateur sports clubs and employee sports clubs have emerged,with the aim of strengthening physical fitness,improving skills,and popularizing sports,and promoting the development of social sports as the focus,demonstrating a thriving scene of development.After the outbreak of the war in 1937,modern sports organizations in Shanghai experienced ups and downs in their development and recovery.In terms of time,this paper divides the development of modern sports associations in Shanghai into four periods: the period of learning and imitation(1843-1911),the period of participating in competition(1911-1927),the period of prosperity and development(1927-1937),and the period of wandering and recovery(1937-1949).The study found that under the demonstration and guidance of the Alien Sports Association,the YMCA and the Merchant Sports Association in the concession,the people gradually realized the importance of sports associations.Sports associations have shown diversified development,with the development of martial arts associations as the main part,school sports associations as the auxiliary part,the competition for sports leadership as the focus,and the emergence of amateur sports associations and employee sports associations as the main part,with the purpose of strengthening the body,improving technology,and popularizing sports,and with the focus of promoting the development of social sports undertakings,showing a vigorous development.After the outbreak of the war in 1937,the modern sports associations in Shanghai were fluctuating and recovering.Finally,looking back on the century-long history of modern Shanghai,according to the development of modern Shanghai sports associations,the paper summarizes the regional characteristics,historical functions and historical enlightenment of modern Shanghai sports associations.The main regional characteristics are urbanization,civilization,diversification,integration and standardization.The main historical functions are: maintaining social security and promoting social reform;Cultivate sports talents and realize independence;Promoting physical education and physical fitness;Promote social welfare and serve the society in crisis.The historical enlightenment is mainly: to build a cooperative relationship between the state and society;Improve the regulations,policies and governance strategies of sports associations;Give play to the advantages of social management of sports associations.