Phenomenological Study Of Marx’s Critique Theory Of Fetishism

Marx’s critique theory of fetishism is the most philosophical part of Capital,in which Marx fully analyzed the relationship between people and things under capitalist economy.In fact,Marx was also trying to depict clearly how people exist or survive in capitalist economy.He started from the most primitive form of commodity fetishism,and revealed the mystery of commodities,which were sensible and super-sensible things or social things,in the production relations peculiar to people under commodity production.In the process of commodity exchange,commodities acquire social equivalent value objectivity,which belongs to the value objectivity relationship between people,but is mistaken by people as the attribute of commodities themselves,and commodity fetishism phenomenon appears.And with commodities being further abstracted into money with general equivalent property,money being abstracted into capital that can self-reproduce,fetishism phenomenon also completes its own evolution,social relations of reification and materialization become more and more common,more and more deepened,becoming the most extensive living situation of real individuals.The discussion of the living situation of real individuals is related to human’s “original state”,that is,how real individuals exist.Phenomenology is a method to explore human’s “original state”,but in Husserl’s view it is mainly to explore from an epistemological perspective,until Heidegger formally opened up existential or existentialist exploration with “Dasein hermeneutics”.This also provides us with a new perspective for studying Marx.Although Marx did not explicitly explore existentialism in a phenomenological way,he has already shown his concern for existentialism in his analysis of people’s social relations,that is,starting from the sensible activity of real individuals,and thus pointing out human’s objective existence mode.It is precisely this kind of existence mode that makes social relations of reification and materialization possible.Therefore,the analysis of fetishism phenomenon will consciously or unconsciously enter into the exploration of existentialism.The analysis of fetishism phenomenon does not mean that it can dissolve fetishism phenomenon.The weapon of criticism cannot replace the criticism of weapons.Therefore,the significance of doing phenomenological study of fetishism critique theory lies in awakening people’s subjectivity consciousness from capital logic’s law of things and avoiding self-realization and self-possibility reversal caused by passively accepting domination by things.Further speaking it means storing material force for dissolving fetishism phenomenon and making more free proletariat transform into self-conscious proletariat.Only in this way can we realize existence meaning: living in world as human beings rather than as things.