As an important part of the Marxist philosophical system,dialectics is the soul and essence of its philosophical thought.Although Marx and Engels laid the foundation of dialectics to a certain extent,they did not make a systematic explanation,and Lenin was an important contributor to the theory of systematic dialectics.The publication of Philosophical Notes was based on the theoretical logic of the development of Marxist dialectics on the one hand,and on the other hand,it was a practical need to guide the practice of the Russian Revolution.On the basis of many previous dialectical thought studies,especially on the basis of the dialectic thought achievements of Hegel and Marx and Engels,Lenin creatively explained a series of insightful dialectic viewpoints such as the essence and core of dialectics,the dialectic of the cognitive process,and the dialectic is the epistemology of Marxism,which made indelible contributions to the formation of the Marxist dialectic system.It greatly enriched and developed Marxist dialectics and also had an important impact on the formation of Mao Zedong’s dialectical thought.Our further study of Lenin’s dialectic thought is conducive to accurately grasping the historical and theoretical logic of Marxist dialectical thought,promoting the creative application and development of Marxist dialectics in China,improving the dialectical thinking ability of our party’s leading cadres,and enhancing the effectiveness of Marxist dialectical theory teaching.This article takes Lenin’s profound exposition of dialectics in Philosophical Notes as the starting point of writing,traces the theoretical origin and era background of the formation of Lenin’s dialectical thought,and attempts to sort out and summarize the main contents of Lenin’s dialectical thought.The overall structure of the full text is divided into four chapters:The first chapter of the introduction mainly involves the background,purpose and significance of Lenin’s dialectical thought research,discusses the current research status at home and abroad,and expounds the major difficulties,innovations and research methods of the research.The second chapter is the formation of Lenin’s dialectic thought.It is mainly carried out from two aspects: theoretical origin and era background.Its theoretical origins mainly trace the na(?)ve dialectic views of the ancient Greek philosophers Heraclitus and Aristotle,the subjective dialectic ideas of Hegel,the master of German classical philosophy,and the materialist dialectics ideas of Marx and Engels.Its background is mainly based on the revolutionary situation in Russia at that time and the practical needs of Lenin’s "Philosophical Notes";Chapter 3 is the main body and core content of the whole text,which systematically discusses the main contents of Lenin’s dialectic thought from the following five aspects: 1.On Lenin’s summary of the basic characteristics of dialectics from the perspectives of connection and development;2.On Lenin’s creative interpretation of the three basic laws of dialectics,namely the law of mutual change of quality,the law of negation of negation,and the law of unity of opposites,especially Lenin’s view that the law of unity of opposites is the essence and core of dialectics;III.On Lenin’s Theoretical Summary of the Dialectic of Knowledge;Fourth,Lenin’s innovative understanding that dialectics is Marxist epistemology is mainly carried out from three perspectives: dialectics is both a law of existence and a law of cognition,logic,dialectics and epistemology are consistent,and human understanding is developing in a spiral.V.Lenin’s Distinction between Dialectics and Relativism;Chapter 4 focuses on the historical place of Lenin’s dialectic thought and its contemporary value.Its historical status is mainly reflected in the great enrichment and development of Marxist dialectics,and its profound impact on the formation of Mao Zedong’s own dialectical thought;Its contemporary value is mainly manifested in the improvement of the dialectical thinking ability of leading cadres,the innovative development of promoting the sinification of Marxism,and the teaching effect of Marxist dialectics. |