A Study On Disaster Relief In The Eastern Jin Dynasty And The Southern Dynasties And Its Political And Cultural Implication

In the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties,disasters were frequent.Against this background,the academic community discussed the disasters and related issues at that time and achieved fruitful results.However,most of the existing achievements have the tendency of "breaking away from the specific ’historical context’ and ’text context’","valuing ’scientific’ and ignoring ’humanistic’" and "solidifying the research model".In order to break through these bottlenecks,based on the specific "historical context" and "text context",change the research perspective,and select the disaster relief phenomenon with "humanization" factors at that time as the research object,or it is a feasible strategy.By redefining the concepts of disaster,disaster culture and disaster relief based on the specific "historical context" and "text context",and discussing the relevant significance of such interpretation,we can clarify the concept connotation and theoretical logic,and lay a theoretical foundation for multi-dimensional deconstruction of the disaster relief phenomenon in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties.Disaster relief occurred frequently during the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties.In terms of the causes of the disasters at that time,there were mainly natural and man-made disasters,which had many characteristics and had a profound impact on the social material wealth,the political rule of the dynasty,the ideology and culture of the people at that time.Therefore,the people at that time attached great importance to the disaster relief,which also became a social behavior involving the whole people at that time.On the official level,there were many measures for famine relief at that time,and they had taken a systematic development trend,accompanied by "random","scientific","mysterious" and other characteristics,which played a leading role in the famine relief at that time.On the civilian level,the civilian relief at that time was characterized by "effectiveness","disorder" and "universality",which was an important supplement to the official relief at that time and also played an important role in the relief at that time.Since official relief and civil relief have both advantages and disadvantages,the disaster relief phenomenon at that time also had advantages and disadvantages.In general,its advantages outweighed its disadvantages.The phenomenon of disaster relief in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties has distinct political and cultural characteristics.Based on the perspective of "living political history",this paper reveals the "political meaning" of the disaster relief phenomenon at that time by analyzing the "people-oriented" phenomenon existing in the official relief at that time,as well as the "motive source" of the scholars who were the main body of the folk self-rescue at that time and the many intervention measures taken by the government in the folk self-rescue at that time.This is the political dimension of the disaster relief phenomenon in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties,with "saving people’s lives" as the bright line and "political appeal" as the dark line,It connected the official and civil levels at that time,and made them "interact with each other" and "interact with each other".Officially,the famine relief policy was the leading force for disaster relief at that time,but it also absorbed civil forces through corresponding stimulating policies and delegated power to "entrust" the latter,so as to achieve the purpose of "saving people’s lives" and thus achieve the "political appeal" of maintaining the "legitimacy" of its own rule.At the civil level,scholars are the main body of their disaster relief forces.They rely on the financial resources of the clans they lead to carry out emergency rescue and relief,and grab "praise" in the process,so as to improve their own "reputation" and the "reputation" of the clans,and then reach the goal of crossing or consolidating the original stratum,so as to better exercise the "political appeal" of "acting" the imperial power to govern the "foundation" of the empire.Based on the perspective of "new cultural history",this paper analyzes and records the historical materials and documents of the disaster relief phenomenon at that time,and finds that the disaster relief phenomenon in this period has prominent characteristics of "life" and "difference",which stems from the thinking of "life" and the development of belief in gods and ghosts.By discussing the specific manifestations and characteristics of the monarch’s and the people’s views on life and death at that time,as well as the relationship between disasters,witches and the development of belief in gods and ghosts,wooden peg revealed that the monarch’s view on life and death in this period had the color of "valuing life",while the people’s view on life and death had the feature of "worrying about life and death".Under the drive of disasters,witches showed the trend of "folk" and "professional" development,At that time,people prayed for gods and worshipped ghosts to "respond to the’scourge’," pursue happiness ",and" warn future generations "to achieve the purpose of safeguarding their own reality and the greatest interests.The" cultural metaphor"behind the disaster relief phenomenon,and then summarized the connotation of disaster culture at that time at the disaster relief level: it is a kind of emergency culture out of practice,which contains the scientific cognition and" cultural "processing of disasters in this period,It has a distinctive color of "heavy life" and "mysterious",and also has the characteristics of "historical" and "warning".