Study On The Local People’s Congress And Its Standing Committees’ Decisive Power On Major Matters

Local People’s Congress and its Standing Committee at all levels above the county level enjoy the power to decide on major matters,i.e.the power to discuss and decide on major matters,in accordance with the law.Combining the provisions of the current Constitution,Local Organizations Law and local regulations related to the discussion and decision of major matters,we can summarize major matters as "Matters in an administrative area of politics,economy,education,science,culture,health,ecological environmental protection,natural resources,urban and rural construction,civil affairs,social security,nationalities and other areas occurring in the overall situation of social development,has an important impact,the people generally concerned about matters".The power to decide on major matters is an important and independent legal authority of the Local People’s Congress and its Standing Committee at all levels above the county level,however,compared with the legislative power,supervisory power and personnel appointment and dismissal power,the current power to decide on major matters is not only weak in theoretical research,but also receives little attention in the actual operation process.On March 12,2022,the newly revised Organic Law of Local People’s Congresses at All Levels and Local People’s Governments at All Levels came into force,and the concept of full process people’s democracy was stipulated as a principle among it,there are also changes in the provisions related to the power to decide on major matters.The revision of the law is a systematic integration of the achievements in various aspects since the 18th Party Congress,as well as the implementation of the spirit of the Central People’s Congress Work Conference.The power to decide on major matters is a weak aspect of the work of Local People’s Congress,the standardization and systematic improvement of this authority is a part of the new era to strengthen and improve the work of Local People’s Congress can not be ignored.The standardized exercise of the power to decide on major matters is conducive to the improvement of the NPC system and the work of the NPC,and has a positive role in promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity,as well as the implementation of the whole process of the concept of people’s democracy.Based on the background of the new era of comprehensively ruling the country by law,this paper studies the issue of the power to decide on major matters in combination with new policies,new laws and new ideas.The main contents of this paper can be divided into three parts:basic theory,practical investigation and suggestions for improvement.The first part is the basic theory part.Among them,Chapter 2 analyzes the emergence of the concept,theoretical basis and legal basis of the power to decide on major matters.Chapter 3 clarifies the connotation and denotation of the power to decide on major matters,analyzes the important issues such as the definition of the scope of major matters and the relationship of the power to decide major matters and relevant powers.The second part is the practical investigation part.In Chapter 4,first of all,seven provincial people’s congresses and their standing committees are selected as the key objects of analysis by sampling method to analyze the actual operation status of the power to decide on major matters in the past three years.Secondly,it analyzes the problems in the actual exercise of the power to decide on major issues,such as the inconsistent cognition of the scope of major issues,the weak initiative of exercising power,the non-standard exercise of power procedures,and the poor effect of exercising power.Thirdly,the paper analyzes the reasons why the power to decide on major matters is not enough in practice,mainly including the vague definition of the concept of the power to decide on major matters in law,the lack of orientation of the subjects of power on their own authority,the lack of unified procedures for exercising the power to decide on major matters,the lack of follow-up implementation and supervision,and the weak construction of Local people’s Congress.The third part is the improvement suggestion part.Chapter 5 reconsiders the scientific path of normative exercise of the power to decide on major matters,and suggests improvement from three aspects:first,strengthening the top-level design and improving the legislation on the power to decide on major matters;second,breaking through the traditional thinking and clarifying the positioning of its own authority;third,strengthening the organizational guarantee and improving the level of performance of the Local People’s Congresses and its Standing Committee.