Research On Marx’s View Of Science And Technology In The Book Of Machine.Natural Force And The Application Of Science

The view of science and technology is an organic part of Marx’s thoughts,which includes views on the nature of science,the nature of machine,the connotation of ‘ machine application ’ and the social effect of science and technology.Marx’s science and technology view supports his reveal of the laws of machine industry and the criticism of capital logic.As a part of Marx’s 1861-1863 Economic Manuscript,Machine.Natural force and the application of science is a model for investigating scientific and technological problems under the guidance of historical materialism and surplus value theory,which also enriches and perfects Marx’s concept of science and technology,as well as provides ideological resources for the discussion of the laws of socialist construction and the criticism of developed capitalist society in the development history of Marxism.Machine.Natural force and the application of science makes a profound interpretation of the basic concepts of science and technology view,such as ‘science’ and ‘machine’.In this text,Marx pointed out that science is not only a unique knowledge system in the machine industry,but also an independent factor in the machine production process.Driven by capitalist production,it has developed rapidly and been consciously and widely used.The text also reveals that the essence of machine is to replace the direct operation of human hands on materials and determine the working principle of production with the help of science,instead of using natural forces such as steam in power.Different from the current habitual understanding of the basic concepts of science and technology,Machine.Natural force and application of science clearly distinguishes between machine and ‘machine application’ and takes ‘machine application’ as the core concept of the science and technology view.The text also points out that ‘machine application’ is not only a means for capital to rule labor,but also an application form of natural force and science.Machine.Natural force and the application of science makes an in-depth discussion on the social effects of science and technology from the perspective of historical materialism.In this text,Marx reveals the performance and mechanism of ‘machine application’ to promote the development of productive forces,to promote the revolution of production relations and to promote the reform of production mode.‘Machine application’ promotes the development of productive forces by opening up the way for the scale expansion and power upgrading of production,enhancing the continuity of labor and prolonging the total length of labor,and making the productive forces contained in natural forces,science and social labor play a role,so as to revolutionize the production relations in labor-capital relations,capital-capital relations and labor-labor relations.‘Machine application’ makes labor actually subordinate to capital in labor-capital relations,intensifies the competition of capitalists in improving machines in capital-capital relations,and intensifies the competition of workers in obtaining job opportunities in labor-labor relations.‘Machine application’ makes the mode of production show the new characteristics of huge scale of workers and means of production,control of workers by means of production and greater role of cooperative division of labor in technology,and makes the social aspect of the mode of production show the new characteristics of complete contradiction in the development of labor-capital relations.At the moment of building a world power in science and technology,the view of science and technology in Machine.Natural force and the application of science enlightens us to see the good side of science and technology application and guard against its possible negative effects,so as to pay attention to the ethical governance of science and technology and consciously guide the development of science and technology for the good.At the same time,the scientific and technological view of Machine.Natural force and the application of science also inspires us to accurately understand the positive effects of science and technology,so as to give full play to it and promote the construction of a powerful country with science and technology.