A Comparative Study Of Science And Technology Policy Of China And The United States (2001-2014)

Since the new century has arrived,our country's technology has developed rapidly,achievement has been acquired in many fields.With the accelerating upgrades in technology innovation,major fields appear their great leap forward development and harvest significant achievement such as manned space flight,lunar exploration,super computer,super hybrid rice,high speed railway,which ranks our country amount scientific and technological majors yet not powers.Our country's economic growth at present stage excessively relies on energy and resource consumption,which leads to heavy pollution,lagging development of the high technology and modern service industry,lack of self-innovation ability and core competitiveness.China sees huge gap compared with technology well-developed country like America.Despite its two hundred years history,America is nowadays world's largest and unique economic and technological giant.The basic reason dues to government's high value on scientific research and being good at exerting them.Through nearly two hundred years trial and error,The American government summarized a set of adjustable and effective policy toward technology which promoted its science industry and technology discovery to gain unprecedented glory.Therefore this paper combined our country's basic condition with problems exist in current policy toward technology,meanwhile drew lessons from American success and failure on policy toward technology selectively,eventually inspired our country's policymaking in significant ways.This paper is comprised of six sections:Section 1:Introduction.This section mainly discourses the correlate background of textual research,which includes the cause and purpose,research status domestically and abroad,content and method,innovation and insufficiency etc.Through this section the research's attribution and value will be fully clarified.Section 2:The comparison of macro background with Chinese and American policy toward technology.This section mainly includes comparison of evolution process and strategic purpose with Chinese and American policy toward technology.This section begins with the analysis of the evolution process of Chinese and American policies toward technology in historical view,then discusses the strategic purpose of Chinese and American new century's policy toward technology in macro planning's view.Section 3:The comparison between the investment on technology and organization systems in Chinese and American.This section includes comparisons in two aspect:The comparison of scientific and technological R&D investment and organization system between Chinese and American.Section 4:The comparison of the content of Chinese and American policy toward technology.This section includes comparisons in three aspect:policy on scientific personnel,scientific innovation and scientific industrialization.Through systematic analysis and comparison,draws advantage and disadvantage of the content of Chinese and American policy toward technology.Section 5:Analysis of Chinese and American policy toward technology in new century.This section mainly analyses the primary features,influence factors and flaws in Chinese and American policy toward technology.Section 6:Lessons learned from American policy toward technology in new century.Through comparing and analyzing,this section summarized the advantage with American policy toward technology,and discoursed lessons that Chinese technology development should take.