Research On The Teaching Design And Practice Of Primary School Scratch Based On The Cultivation Of Computational Thinking

With the fast growth of information technology,computational thinking is an important ability that everyone should have,and the development of computational thinking is a long-term systematic process.Therefore,it is necessary to cultivate computational thinking at primary school level.Programming is the most direct and effective tool to cultivate computational thinking,because traditional programming software is difficult and boring and not suitable for primary school students,but Scratch programming has the advantages of being easy to start and more interesting,so this paper uses Scratch software as a tool to explore the use of Scratch software to cultivate computational thinking in primary school students.This paper uses the Scratch software as a tool to explore a new teaching model that uses Scratch software to develop computational thinking in primary school students.This study first uses the literature research method to analyse and collate the current status of research on computational thinking and Scratch at home and abroad;Uses the questionnaire method to conduct a pre-test on the level of computational thinking for 40 students in Year 5 of Primary School H in Haikou City;Uses the interview method to understand the current teaching situation of the IT curriculum in Primary School H.Secondly,based on the constructivist learning theory,Dewey’s "learning by doing" theory,multiple intelligences theory and the three-dimensional framework of computational thinking,the framework of the teaching model of using Scratch software to cultivate primary school students’ computational thinking was designed according to the teaching target,curriculum objectives,curriculum content,teaching process and teaching evaluation.Again,three rounds of educational experimental activities were carried out using action research methods.Each round of action research was divided into four phases:the teaching planning phase,the teaching action phase,the classroom teaching observation phase,and the teaching reflection phase.Finally,the results of the pre-and post-tests on computational thinking were analysed to determine whether the students’ computational thinking skills had been improved.Interviews were also conducted to find out students’ views and gains from the course.The study has shown that the use of Scratch to create works with different themes in the teaching implementation process helps to develop and improve the level of computational thinking of primary school students,and also mobilises students’ interest in learning the IT curriculum,providing new perspectives and ideas for visual programming education and the development of computational thinking of primary school students.