| Research Backround:Subjective Memory Complaint(SMC)is defined as a selfreported memory impairment that occuts in the absence of objective signs and known underlying pathology and is one of the early manifestations of amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease.As there are no specific drugs or treatment options available for dementia,subjective memory complaints,as the first manifestation of deviations from the norm in the cognitive domain of health status in older adults,may be a key window of opportunity to modify cognitive decline during ageing and prevent dementia.It has been shown that subjective memory complaints are closely related to physical and cognitive activity,and that physical activity,cognitive activity and perceived health status better enable participants to reduce the frequency of memory impairment and effectively improve subjective memory complaints in older adults.However,there was no mention of the type of physical and cognitive activity levels that had an effect on subjective memory complaints in older adults.In order to enhance the prevention and detection of subjective memory complaints in older adults,this study will examine the relationship between different levels of physical and cognitive activity and subjective memory complaints.Objective:To examine the relationship between different levels of physical and cognitive activity and subjective memory complaints in older adults and to investigate whether there are mediating effects or chains of mediators between physical and cognitive activity and subjective memory complaints in cognitive function and depression.Method:Convenience sampling was used to select a total of 807 subjects who were over 60 years of age in the pre-geriatric and elderly population.A psychometric paper-and-pencil test was used,and the instruments included:the Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form,the Cognitive Activity Scale,the Subjective Memory Complaint Questionnaire,the Brief Mental State Inventory and a simplified version of the Geriatric Depression Inventory.After a verbal explanation of the study by the main subject,the subjects read the paper informed consent form on their own and signed the informed consent form.The subjects were then informed of the contents of the questionnaires one by one through questioning,and the subjects answered truthfully about the questionnaires while the main subject listened and recorded.A total of 807 sets of questionnaires were distributed and 807 sets were returned.Research Results:(1)There were significant differences in subjective memory complaints(F=136.252,p<0.001,η2=0.337),objective cognitive functioning(F=143.217,p<0.001,η2=0.349)and depression(F=87.938,p<0.001,η2=0.247)across physical and cognitive activity in older adults.(2)There was a significant correlation between both physical and cognitive activity and subjective memory complaints(r=-0.350,r=-0.221),and subjective memory complaints improved with increasing amounts of physical and cognitive activity.(3)Cognitive function mediated the effect of cognitive activity on subjective memory complaints with an effect value of-0.125;depression mediated the effect of cognitive activity on subjective memory complaints with an effect value of-0.035;and objective cognitive function and depression mediated the effect of cognitive activity on subjective memory complaints with a chain effect value of-0.062.Conclusion:(1)Cognitively active older people have better cognitive functioning than physically active older people,and physically active older people have less subjective memory complaints than cognitively active older people.(2)Subjective memory complaints improved with increased physical and cognitive activity.(3)Physical and cognitive activities directly improve subjective memory complaints,while physical and cognitive activities can indirectly affect subjective memory complaints in older adults by improving objective cognitive functioning and depression. |
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