ERP Study On The Differences Of Cognitive Ability Of College Students With Different Levels Of Physical Activity

Objective:In recent years,people pay more attention to the impact of exercise(aerobic exercise,anaerobic exercise and compound exercise)and national fitness on cognitive abilities,have focused on the effect of physical activity on cognitive aging of the elderly.Physical activity not only includes exercise,but also reflects the energy consumption caused by people's daily physical activity.However,under the rapid development of knowledge and ability,college students should pay more attention to the development of physical activity and cognitive ability during the University Campus.Objects and methods: In this study,111 students from Shandong Normal University were selected through network propaganda,teacher mobilization,and students to encourage random recruitment of subjects.The subjects filled in the basic information,read the subject's instructions carefully and sign up for voluntary par ticipation in the experimental study.To ensure that volunteers were fully voluntary,and healthy,no neurological history,no need for treatment,binocular vision was more than 1 of the international standard visual acuity table(including corrected vision).Through the international physical activity questionnaire(Chinese version),we conducted a cross-sectional survey.Referring to the calculation method of physical activity level in the international physical activity questionnaire published by Fan,the subjects of different physical activity levels were divided into three groups: high,middle and low.Meanwhile,using Event-related Potentials(ERP)technology,we analyzed the amplitude and latency of P300 components in the modified version of Flanker task and the difference of behavioral data.Results: The subjects in the event related potential laboratory of the Institute of physical education independently completed the experimental task.The results showed that:(1)The correct in the middle and high levels of physical activity group rate is higher than the low level of physical activity group(p<0.05)and shows significant differences.There was no significant difference in the correct rate between the physical activity level group and the high physical activity level group.There is no significant difference in the correct response of the low,middle and high physical activity level group.(2)The top electrode area(P3,P4,Pz)latency showed a significant difference in the inconsistency trial(p<0.05),low level of physical activity group was lower than that of middle and high group two.The increase of task difficulty promoted the significant difference in the P300 latency of the subjects with different physical activity levels,and the difference more obvious in the top area.In the middle and high level of physical activity group,the processing speed is slow in completing the lateral inhibition task,which may be to mobilize more cognitive resources to complete the best processing strategy,so a s to provide a guarantee for making a correct judgment.(3)The amplitude of F3 electrode point in the frontal area showed that the low physical activity level group was lower than that of the middle and high two groups,especially under the S1 stimulation.The amplitude of C3,C4,F3,F4 and P4 were lower than those of the two groups in the low physical activity level under the inconsistency trial.And,there was no significant difference between the middle physical activity level group and the high level group.Conclusion: Different physical activity levels have different effects on cognitive ability in different brain regions of college students.Cognitive resource allocation,processing strategy optimization and processing rate are different in different brain regions.(1)The middle and high level of physical activity can help the brain to pay attention to the allocation of resources,optimize the information processing strategy,and help the ability to regulate the cognitive process processing of college students,mainly in the frontal,central and parietal areas.(2)Task difficulty has a certain influence on the incubation period of individuals with different levels of physical activity.The complex environment extends the cognitive processing of the middle and high physical activity level college students,and provides a guarantee for the correct judgment of the information of selecting the task related information.