| Intergenerational inheritance has now received attention in the fields of management,education and sport,and it is not uncommon to find football inheritance in the sporting world: the Maldini family in Italian football,Yao Yuanfu and Yao Xia in Chinese football,and Zhang Quancheng and Zhang Yuning,who were veteran Chinese fans and influenced their sons to join the sport.However,most of the existing studies in the field of sport have analysed the intergenerational influence of sporting activities of family members based on the perspective of intergenerational transmission,while relatively little research has been conducted on the intergenerational transmission of specific sports,and even less on the intergenerational transmission of youth participation in football cultural activities in the context of Chinese football culture.This paper uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the dimensions of youth participation in football cultural activities from the perspective of intergenerational transmission in China and to develop a self-measurement scale and questionnaire.The results show that the intergenerational transmission of youth participation in football cultural activities is a multidimensional structure,which can be divided into four main dimensions: transmission of football knowledge,transmission of football emotions,transmission of football participation behaviour,and family sport and social support.These four dimensions are subdivided into 13 sub-dimensions: football skills and skills transmission,football cultural resources transmission,football spirit transmission,team/player personal admiration,city attachment,national loyalty,football training transmission,football spectatorship transmission,football sport participation transmission,football conversation and story exchange,family fan environment shaping,material and economic equipment support,and conflict support for further education.A rigorous self-test questionnaire was also developed to produce a12-item student questionnaire and a 15-item parent questionnaire with high reliability and validity.The analysis of the questionnaire data also revealed that the intergenerational transmission of youth participation in football driven by family sporting culture is significantly influenced by the intergenerational transmission of parental influence in the family:(1)The intergenerational transmission of youth participation in football cultural activities does not differ significantly by gender and grade level,indicating that the intergenerational transmission of youth participation in football cultural activities is not limited by gender,grade level or even age;(2)The intergenerational influence of non-only children is higher than that of only children.(3)This suggests that families with a strong football culture and a competitive living environment are more conducive to the intergenerational transmission of youth football cultural activities in family sports.(4)All three types of intergenerational inheritance have a strong influence,with the intergenerational influence being relatively significant,but there is little difference between the three types of inheritance;(5)Parents’ inheritance of football knowledge,emotional inheritance and inheritance of participation behaviour are all significantly and positively related to the intergenerational inheritance of youth football cultural activity participation;(6)Under the four main dimensions of intergenerational inheritance,all variables have a significant influence on the intergenerational inheritance of youth football cultural activity participation.variables had significant positive effects on the intergenerational transmission of youth football cultural activity participation,and there was little difference between the intergenerational effects of two generations and the intergenerational effects of one generation.The results of this study are expected to lay a theoretical foundation for the study of the intergenerational transmission dimensions and influencing factors of youth football cultural activity participation in family sports,and to use the cultural awareness of football rules and etiquette to influence the daily behavioural norms of young students and even to cultivate a greater sense of nationalism and family sentiment.The study also aims to help promote and disseminate football culture in China from the perspective of intergenerational transmission,and to cultivate more young football talents for our society. |
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