Effects Of Hypoxic Exercise On Blood Glucose Homeostasis In Type 2 Diabetic Mice Induced By High Fat Diet

Research Objective:To study the effects of hypoxic exercise on blood glucose,glucose tolerance,insulin tolerance,blood lipid and body weight of type 2 diabetic mice induced by high fat diet,and to explore the effect of hypoxic exercise mode on the improvement of type 2 diabetic mice,so as to provide practical reference and theoretical basis for the application of exercise therapy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Research Methods:In this study,100 male 3-week-old C57BL/6J mice were used as experimental subjects.After one week of adaptive feeding,10 mice were randomly selected to be fed with normal diet as control group(NC group),and the rest mice were fed with high fat diet to establish a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Fasting body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured every two weeks during the modeling period.At the end of 12 weeks,a total of 62 mice with type 2 diabetes were screened,and the success rate was 69%.Forty type 2 diabetic mice with good diet and similar exercise ability were randomly divided into diabetic normal oxygen quietness group(DC),diabetic hypoxic quietness group(DH),diabetic normal oxygen exercise group(DE)and diabetic hypoxic exercise group(DIHH),with 10 mice in each group.There was no significant difference in body weight and blood glucose between the groups.In the formal experiment,mice in the hypoxic group lived and exercised in an oxygen environment with 13.6% oxygen content at a simulated altitude of 3500 meters.The experiment lasted for 5 weeks.All mice in the exercise group were trained on the treadmill at the slope of 0 degree,and the training load was determined according to the blood lactic acid test results of mice during the five-week training(normal oxygen exercise group: 12m/min,5d/w;11m/min,5d/ W in the hypoxic exercise group),and 20 min,30min,40 min,50min and 60 min in the five weeks after training,respectively.During the intervention,food intake was recorded daily,fasting body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured every weekend.At the fifth week of intervention,OGTT and IPITT experiments were conducted,with an interval of 48 hours.At the end of the five-week experiment,the mice could not refrain from water after 12 hours of fasting with replacement of pads.On the next day,the mice were subjected to abdominal anesthesia,and the blood of the abdominal aorta was collected in turn.Perirenal fat,epididymal fat,gastrocemius muscle and other tissues were collected,and the weight of each tissue was weighed.Results:1.After 12 weeks of high-fat modeling,all the mice in the high-fat group showed body tiredness.In addition,62 mice reached the standard of type 2 diabetes through the measurement of body weight and blood sugar,and the success rate of modeling was 69%.2.After 5 weeks of intervention,the blood glucose level of mice in DIHH group was significantly lower than that in DC,DE and DH groups(P < 0.05),and higher than that in NC group(P < 0.05).3.The area under the curve of OGTT and IPITT in DIHH group was significantly lower than that in DC group(P < 0.05),but had no significant difference with that in DH group and DE group;There was no significant difference in the area under the OGTT curve between the DIHH group and the NC group.The area under IPITT curve in DIHH group was significantly higher than that in NC group.4.The contents of TG and LDL of mice in DIHH group were slightly lower than those in DC group,DH group and DE group,but slightly higher than those in NC group.TC content in DIHH group was significantly lower than that in DC group(P <0.05),significantly higher than that in NC group(P < 0.05),and slightly lower than that in DH group and DE group,but no significant difference was found.HDL content in DIHH group was significantly higher than that in DC group,DH group and DE group(P < 0.05),but had no significant difference from that in NC group.5.The free fatty acid content in DIHH group was significantly lower than that in DC group(P < 0.05),and slightly lower than that in DE group and DH group,but there was no significant difference.Slightly higher than NC group had no significant difference.6.Insulin content in DIHH group was significantly lower than that in DC group(P < 0.05),slightly lower than that in DE group and DH group,but no significant difference was found,and slightly higher than that in NC group,but no significant difference was found.7.The body weight of mice in DIHH group was significantly lower than that in DC group(P < 0.05),significantly higher than that in NC group(P < 0.05),and slightly lower than that in DE group and DH group,but no significant difference was found.The ratio of perirenal fat to body weight and fat to body in DIHH group were significantly lower than those in DH and DE group of DC group(P < 0.05),and significantly higher than those in NC group(P < 0.05);The epididymal fat to body weight ratio of mice in DIHH group was significantly higher than that in NC group(P< 0.05),and had no significant difference compared with that in DC,DH and DE groups.Conclusion:1.Hypoxic exercise can effectively reduce blood glucose level,improve glucose tolerance,enhance insulin sensitivity and improve blood glucose homeostasis in T2 DM mice.2.Hypoxic exercise can improve the dyslipidemia of T2 DM mice,reduce the fat content and optimize the body composition of T2 DM mice.