| The quick stop jump shot technique is a scoring method often used by athletes in attack.This technique is composed of quick stop,push off,jump and shoot,etc.The stability of the movement is worthy of in-depth discussion,whether it is necessary to conduct a certain centrifugal strength training of lower limbs in addition to the skilled technical movement training for athletes.In theory,when athletes suddenly stop in quick running,the lower limb muscles first do centrifugal contraction to play the role of cushioning and braking,and control the forward impact force of the body,so as to better ensure the cohesion and stability of the whole technical movement of the sudden stop jump shot.In view of this,this study,from the perspective of the influence of lower extremity centrifugal strength training of basketball players on the stability of quick stop jump shot,designed a set of lower extremity centrifugal strength training scheme suitable for men’s basketball players in colleges and universities,and verified the effect of lower extremity centrifugal strength training on the stability of athletes’ quick stop jump shot through experiments,in order to provide useful reference for basketball coaches in the future quick stop jump shot training.This research mainly uses the method of literature,expert interview,experiment and mathematical statistics.Firstly,the lower limb centrifugal strength training movements and experimental test indexes were selected by reading literature and interviewing experts.Sixteen college men’s basketball players with the same athletic level were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 8 players each.Before the experiment,the athletes in the two groups were tested for the differences of FMS functional motion screening,maximum muscle strength,different stage time,joint Angle,and the percentage of jump shots in the two groups.After the statistical comparison of the test results showed no difference,the experimental group adopted the lower limb centrifugal strength training program,while the control group adopted the conventional lower limb strength training program.The experimental intervention lasted for 12 weeks.Train 3 times a week.After the experiment,the above test indexes of the athletes in the two groups were tested again,and the statistical difference test was conducted to verify the effect of lower limb centrifugal strength training on the stability of the jump shot with a sudden stop.Through the research,the following research results and conclusions are drawn.Research results:(1)Comparison results of maximum muscle strength index:(1)Relative peak torque of left knee and right knee flexors and relative peak torque of right knee centrifugal extensor increased before and after the experiment,and there were significant differences(P<0.05);The relative peak torque of left knee and right knee radial extensor,left knee and right knee centrifugal flexor and left knee centrifugal extensor increased significantly(P<0.01).(2)The relative peak torque of left knee extensor and right knee flexor before and after the control group was increased,and there was a significant difference(P<0.05);The relative peak torque of left knee and right knee concentric flexor,left knee and right knee centrifugal flexor,left knee and right knee centrifugal extensor was increased slightly before and after the experiment,and there was no significant difference(P>0.05).(2)The results of the comparison of different stages of the quick stop jump shot:(1)Before and after the experimental group,there are significant differences in the braking buffer stage of the jump step quick stop jump shot and the take-off stage of the push off(P<0.01),there was no significant difference between landing cushion and landing stage(P>0.05).Before and after the control group,there was no significant difference in the time change of the four stages(P>0.05).(2)Before and after the experimental group,there is a significant difference between the braking buffer of short step stop jump and the take-off stage of push off(P<0.01);There are significant differences in the offloading phase(P<0.05);There is no significant difference in landing buffer stage(P>0.05).Before and after the control group,there was a significant difference in the take-off stage of push off(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in the time consumed by other stages(P>0.05).(3)Comparison results of the joint angles of jump jump with short step stop:(1)Before and after the experimental group,the joint angles of left and right hip and knee X,Y,Z axis,left and right ankle X axis,Y,Z axis were significantly different in the braking buffering stage(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in the right ankle X-axis Angle(P>0.05).In the control group,there was no significant difference in the Angle of hip,knee and ankle during the braking buffering stage(P>0.05).(2)Before and after the experiment,the joint angles of left and right hip and ankle in Y and Z axis,and left and right knee in X,Y and Z axis were significantly different in the take-off stage(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in the Angle of X-axis joint between left and right hip and right ankle(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the joint angles of left and right hip,ankle X axis,right knee Y axis and right ankle Z axis before and after the control group(P>0.05);The joint angles of left knee Y and Z axis,left ankle Y axis and left ankle Z axis were significantly different(P<0.05).(3)The Y-axis joint Angle of the right ankle was significantly different before and after the experiment(P<0.05),there were no significant differences in other joint angles(P > 0.05).Before and after the control group,there was no significant difference at this stage(P<(4)Before and after the experiment,there were significant differences in the Angle changes of the left and right knee X-axis joints in the landing buffering stage(P<0.05),no significant difference was found in other joint angles(P>0.05).The Y-axis joint Angle of the right ankle was significantly different before and after the control group(P<0.05),no significant difference was found in other joint angles(P>0.05).(4)Comparison results of joint angles of step quick stop jump shot(1)Before and after the experimental group,the joint angles of the left and right hip and knee in X,Y,Z axis,left ankle X axis,left ankle Y,Z axis were significantly different during the braking buffering stage(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in right ankle Angle(P>0.05).Before and after the control experiment,there was no significant difference at this stage(P>0.05)(2)Before and after the experiment,the joint angles of left and right hip and ankle Y and Z axis,left and right knee X,Y and Z axis and left ankle X axis were significantly different in the take-off stage(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in X-axis Angle between left and right hip and right ankle(P>0.05).The joint angles of right hip,left knee and right ankle on z-axis,left knee on X-axis and left knee on Y-axis were significantly different before and after the control group(P<0.05);There were no significant differences in joint angles on X and Y axes of left and right hip,Z axes of left hip,Y and Z axes of right knee,X and Z axes of left and right ankle and Y axes of left ankle(P>0.05).(3)There was no significant difference in X,Y and Z axis angles of hip,knee and ankle in the experimental group and control group before and after the experiment(P>0.05).(4)There were significant differences in the joint angles of left and right knee X axis,left knee Y axis and left ankle Z axis before and after landing buffering in the experimental group(P<0.05);There were no significant differences in the joint angles of the left and right hip X,Y,and Z axes,right knee Y axis,left and right knee Z axis,left and right ankle X,Y axis,and right ankle Z axis(P>0.05).Before and after the control group,there was no significant difference in the Angle values of the hip,knee and ankle at this stage,although there was a small improvement(P > 0.05).(5)FMS functional action screening index comparison results: The total score of FMS was significantly different before and after the experiment(P<0.05),"over squat","single leg hurdle step" and "straight lunge squat" had significant differences(P<0.05).The total score of FMS in control group was significantly different before and after the experiment(P<0.01),"over top squat" showed significant difference(P<0.05)(6)Comparison results of jump stop percentage index: The experimental group has significant difference in jump stop percentage before and after the experiment(P<0.05),there was a significant difference in the jump shot percentage of step quick stop(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the percentage of jump shots in the control group before and after the experiment(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in the jump shot percentage of step quick stop(P>0.05).Research conclusion:(1)Compared with conventional lower extremity strength training,lower extremity centrifugal strength training has more obvious effect on improving athletes’ maximum muscle strength.(2)After lower limb centrifugal strength training,leg muscle strength is enhanced,so that the athletes in the braking buffer and push off stage of the take-off time is shortened,and the take-off stage of the air time is increased.(3)After lower limb centrifugal strength training,the changes in the Angle values of the hip joint,knee joint and ankle joint in different stages tend to be reasonable,making the joint more stable and the amplitude of body shaking smaller,which has a significant effect on improving the stability of emergency stop jump shot.(4)Lower extremity centrifugal strength training can improve the jump shooting percentage of emergency stop on the premise of ensuring the body stability in the process of emergency stop.(5)After lower limb centrifugal strength training,scores of "over top squat","single leg hurdle step" and "straight lunge squat" in functional movement screening were generally increased,indicating that lower limb centrifugal strength training method can improve the stability of athletes’ lower limb joints. |
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