Deviation Of Reproductive Intention And Reproductive Behavior Among Married Women Of Childbearing Age

With the continuous development of economy and society,the population structure of our country changes continuously,it has shown the characteristics of aged population structure at present.Low fertility level,high degree of population aging,unbalance of population age structure and other issues have become an important population problem facing our country,which is not conducive to the sustainable development of our social economy.As the "main force" of fertility,married women of childbearing age can directly affect the fertility level of our country,and women’s fertility behavior is mainly influenced by their own fertility intention.Therefore,the research on the deviation between reproductive intention and reproductive behavior of married women of childbearing age and the factors affecting the deviation is helpful to formulate relevant targeted policies to promote the transformation of reproductive intention into reproductive behavior according to the influencing factors,so as to improve the encouraging measures of reproductive policy.On the basis of reading a large number of relevant literature on reproductive intention and reproductive behavior,this paper studies the reproductive intention and actual reproductive behavior of married women of childbearing age in China by using the microscopic data of the 2017 China General Social Survey.The basic situation of married women of childbearing age is introduced from three aspects: individual,family and society.SPSS data analysis software is used.By describing the statistical methods to analyze the overall status quo of deviation of willingness and behavior,the influencing factors of fertility intention and behavior were studied.Finally,the differences of fertility intention and behavior of married women of reproductive age were further analyzed from urban and rural perspectives,and the influential factors of deviation of fertility behavior and fertility intention of married women of reproductive age were analyzed by using the binary logistic regression analysis method.The study reached the following conclusions:1.Overall situation: the married women of childbearing age who wanted to have two children accounted for the most,and the married women of childbearing age who wanted to have more children accounted for 74.4%;24.4 percent of married women of childbearing age want only one child or do not have one.In terms of reproductive behavior,the proportion of existing children with one child was the largest,while the proportion of married women with three or more children was the least.The average intended number of children was 1.86,while the actual mean number of children was 1.41.At present,there is a certain degree of deviation between the reproductive intention and reproductive behavior of married women of childbearing age.2.The deviation of fertility intention and behavior of married women of childbearing age shows that the biggest deviation of fertility intention and fertility behavior is 8 children,and more married women of childbearing age have greater fertility intention than fertility behavior.The deviation degree between fertility intention and fertility behavior of married women of childbearing age is about 0.46 children on average.From the perspective of deviation type,married women of childbearing age with "right deviation" type(reproductive intention is greater than reproductive behavior)accounted for 42.6% of the total sample,and deviation between reproductive intention and reproductive behavior was mainly manifested as "right deviation" type.3.Through the multi-factor analysis method,it can be concluded that the influencing factors of married women’s reproductive intention include: age,spouse’s education level,housing area and national fertility policy.The factors influencing reproductive behavior of married women of childbearing age include age,education level,occupation,spouse education level and housing area.4.The difference between urban and rural fertility intention and behavior deviation type of married women of childbearing age mainly shows that the degree of "left deviation" is higher in rural areas than in urban areas,and the degree of "right deviation" is higher in urban areas than in rural areas under the intention of having more children.Factors such as age,housing area and family real estate have a significant impact on the deviation of reproductive intention and behavior of urban married women of reproductive age.The more real estate family has,the less likely the deviation of reproductive intention and behavior of urban married women of reproductive age is.Factors such as age and occupation have a significant impact on the deviation of reproductive intention and behavior of rural married women of reproductive age.The older the rural married women of reproductive age after 30,the less likely they are to deviate from their reproductive intention and behavior.Based on the findings of the research conclusion,this paper puts forward the following suggestions on alleviating the deviation of reproductive intention and reproductive behavior of married women of childbearing age from the three aspects of individual choice,family support and social security support: In terms of individual choice,one is to change the traditional view of fertility,the other is to establish the correct view of fertility;In terms of family support,first,women’s family status is guaranteed;second,spouses actively participate in child-rearing;third,spouses share family responsibilities;fourth,elders provide help.In terms of social security support,the first is to improve maternal and child medical security,the second is to improve the level of social care services,the third is to optimize the employment environment of married women of childbearing age,the fourth is to ease the pressure of education,and the fifth is to provide housing security.