Research And Design On Key Circuits Of Millimeter-Wave Phased Array Receiving Channel In CMOS

Active phased-array radar has many advantages,such as fast scanning rate,high sensitivity,high reliability,strong signal processing capability,multi-task and multi-target tracking,anti-jamming robustness and so forth.The technology of active phased-array radar has grown vigorously and expanded from military field to civil field in recent years.As its core part,T/R module includes transmitting channel and receiving channel,and the latter generally integrates key functional circuits such as low noise amplifier（LNA）,attenuator（ATT）and phase shifter（PS）.Therefore,the research and design of phased-array receiving channel based on CMOS process has important practical significance and application value.An Ka-band LNA is designed based on 40nm CMOS process.A two-stage cascode topology is adopted in LNA,with a T-type inductance inter-stage matching network for 3d B bandwidth expansion,an output transformer balun for single-to-differential conversion,and two LC anti-interference networks for out-of-band gain suppression.The performance of LNA is verified by tape-out and tests.On-wafer measurement results are as follows:peak gain of23.5d B,noise figure of below 4.3d B in the working bandwidth,3-d B bandwidth of 5.8GHz,IP_{1d B} of-21.26d Bm at 19.5GHz and of 1.34d Bm at 29.5GHz,30m W of power and an area of0.48mm².A millimeter-wave phased-array receiving channel is analyzed and studied in this dissertation,the circuit and layout of the receiving channel is optimized,and the circuit-field joint simulation is completed.A variable gain amplifier and T-type attenuators are adopted to realize small attenuation and large attenuation respectively in ATT.A vector synthesis structure is adopted in PS.After the layout design of phased-array receiving channel,full-layout EM simulations of LNA,ATT and PS are carried out.Finally,circuit-field joint simulation results of the phased-array receiving channel are as follows:peak gain of 22.44d B,noise figure of below 3.7d B in the working bandwidth,3-d B bandwidth of 7.9GHz,IP_{1d B} of-24.76d Bm at21.5GHz and of-6.67d Bm at 31.5GHz,attenuation amplitude error（RMS）of 0.04d B,attenuation phase error of-2.6～3.9°,phase-shifting phase error（RMS）of 0.23°,phase-shifting amplitude error of-1.56～0d B,60.8m W of power and an area of 1.12mm².