A Study On The Effects Of SIT Therapy Based On Ayres Sensory Integration Theory On Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Aged 3-6 Years Ol

Objective: SIT training is conducted for children with ASD aged 3-6 years old to explore the effects of SIT therapy on the sensory integration ability,degree of autism,core symptoms and motor ability of children with ASD,to provide an experimental basis for proposing a targeted,scientific and rational sensory integration treatment programme,and to enrich the intervention pathways and empirical studies in the field of rehabilitation for children with ASD.Methods: Twenty-five cases of children with ASD aged 3-6 years in the Tianjin Heartland Children’s Rehabilitation Centre were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,of which the control group: conventional treatment(n=12)and the experimental group: conventional plus SIT therapy(n=13);both lasted 14 weeks(8 weeks offline intervention+4 weeks online guided intervention+2 weeks offline intervention;4 times/week offline,150 min/time;1time/week online,150 min/time).Before and after the intervention,both groups were given a sensory integration test(Children’s Assessment of Sensory Integration Skills Scale),a test of the degree of autism(Autism Rating Scale,CARS),a test of the degree of delinquent behaviour(Autistic Child Behaviour Checklist,ABC),a test of the clinical efficacy of autism(Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist,ATEC),a test of gross and fine motor skills(Peabody Motor Development Scale-2)and gait test(BTS 3D Motion Capture System G-WALK Gait Version).All data were processed and analysed by SPSS 26.0,and the S-W test was used to test for normality.For data conforming to a normal distribution,the paired samples t-test was used within the group and the independent samples t-test was used between groups;for data not conforming to a normal distribution,the paired samples rank sum test(Wilcoxon test)was used within the group and the independent samples rank sum test(MannWhitney U test);the chi-square test was used for counting data.The significance level was P<0.05.Results: 1.Sensory integration ability test:(1)Before the intervention,there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(P>0.05).(2)After the intervention,compared with before the intervention,the degree of dysregulation in the control group was significantly reduced,and the scores of tactile defence,vestibular sensation and proprioception all increased,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01);the degree of dysregulation in the experimental group was significantly reduced,and the scores of tactile defence,vestibular sensation and proprioception all increased,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01,P< 0.01,P<0.01).(3)After the intervention,the experimental group showed a significant improvement in the degree of dysregulation compared with the control group,and the vestibular sensory,tactile defence and proprioceptive scores were all significantly higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01).2.Autism-related scales:(1)Before the intervention,there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(P>0.05).(2)After the intervention,compared with before the intervention,the scale scores of the control group were all lower: degree of autism(CARS scale),degree of delinquent behaviour(ABC scale),clinical symptoms(ATEC scale)were all significantly improved,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01);the scale scores of the experimental group were all lower: degree of autism(CARS scale),degree of The differences were statistically significant(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01).(3)Compared with the control group,the experimental group showed a significant reduction in the degree of autism(CARS scale)and the degree of delinquent behaviour(ABC scale),with a more significant improvement(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the clinical symptoms(ATEC scale)decreased but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).3.Gross and fine motor function tests:(1)Before the intervention,there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(P>0.05).(2)After the intervention,compared with the pre-intervention period,the total motor development quotient,gross motor development quotient,posture standard score and physical manipulation standard score of the control group increased,and the gross motor ability increased(P<0.05);the grasping standard score increased,and the grasping ability increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the fine motor development quotient,movement standard score and visuomotor integration standard score There was no significant difference in the fine motor development quotient,movement standard score and visual-motor integration standard score(P>0.05).In the experimental group,the total motor development quotient,gross motor development quotient,posture standard score,movement standard score and physical manipulation standard score all increased,and the gross motor ability increased(P<0.01);the fine motor development quotient,grasping standard score and visual motor integration standard score all increased significantly,and the fine motor ability increased(P<0.01),and the difference was statistically significant.(3)Compared with the control group,the total motor development quotient,gross motor development quotient,posture standard score,movement standard score and visual motor integration standard score of the experimental group increased significantly after the intervention,and the improvement of gross motor ability and visual motor integration was more significant(P<0.01,P<0.05).There was an increase in fine motor development quotient,physical manipulation standard score and grasp standard score but no significant difference(P>0.05).4.Gait test:(1)There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control before the intervention(P>0.05).(2)After the intervention,there was no significant change in gait speed,stride frequency and stride length in the control group compared to the pre-intervention group(P>0.05);in the experimental group,there was an increase in gait speed and stride length with statistically significant differences(P<0.05,P<0.05),but no significant increase in gait frequency(P>0.05).(3)After the intervention,there was no significant increase in stride speed,stride frequency and stride length in the experimental group compared with the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:The SIT intervention showed significant improvements in sensory integration skills,degree of autism,maladaptive behaviour and motor skills to varying degrees in children with ASD aged 3-6 years,but the effect on gait was not significant and only slight improvements in gait speed and stride length were seen in children with ASD.Compared to conventional treatment,it has significant advantages in improving the degree of sensory integration disorder,degree of autism,degree of maladaptive behaviour,gross motor function and visuomotor integration in children with ASD.