Optimization Of Recreational Space In The National Park From The Perspective Of Supply And Demand Matching

National parks are not only important nature reserves with ecological conservation functions,but also provide national eco-tourism opportunities and are important outdoor recreational spaces.The resource and environmental characteristics of national parks require that high-quality ecotourism activities be carried out within the national parks to achieve a balance between ecological protection and recreational utilization.How to optimize the pattern and function of recreational space,meet the public’s recreational needs to the greatest extent and create a good tourist experience for tourists while maintaining the sustainable development of ecological protection and recreational supply is one of the main challenges faced by national park management agencies.Taking Qianjiangyuan National Park as a case study,this paper selects a representative ecological recreation route within the national park as the research object.The entropy method evaluates the recreational utilization conditions on the supply side through the recreational suitability and ecological support,and judges the willingness to visit on the demand side through the perception of the recreational values of tourists at various recreational spots,which realizes the quantitative expression of the recreational supply and demand in the study area.The supply and demand conditions are matched and combined,and finally,according to the actual characteristics of the eight types of recreational spots,four kinds of recreational space optimization strategies are proposed.The specific research contents and conclusions are summarized as follows:(1)Recreational utilization conditions on the supply side affected by the characteristics of resources and environment.The recreational utilization conditions in the study area were evaluated from the perspectives of recreational adaptability and ecological support.Recreation suitability is weighted by three indicators:space carrying capacity,natural immersion,and activity suitability.It is found that the recreational suitability scores are ranked from high to low:Tanyuan Pavilion,Lotus Pond,Chan Lu,etc.The least suitable spot is Baixingyunti Ladder.The ecological support is weighted by the three indicators of environmental originality,landscape diversity and base vulnerability.It is found that the ecological support scores are ranked from high to low by Jingxuan,Hanxu Pavilion and Chanlu,while the First Spring of the Source and Lotus Pond are both the lowest.(2)The willingness to visit of tourists on the demand side affected by the characteristics of resources and environment.Based on the scores of tourists’ perception of five types of recreational value in 20 recreational spots,tourists’ willingness to visit each place is calculated by weighting the recreational values preference score.Tourists’preference for the five types of recreational value from high to low is ecological experience value,landscape value,scientific value,spiritual value,and fitness value.Based on Perceptual Learning Theory,value perception can reflect tourists’ willingness to visit.According to tourists’ comprehensive value perception of each recreational spot,the places with higher willingness to visit are the First Spring of the Source,Lotus Sandie Waterfall,Monument of the Source and Baixingyunti Ladder,etc.The ecological experience value or landscape value of these places is very prominent.(3)Recreational space optimization strategy based on the matching relationship between recreational supply and demand in recreational spots.According to the scores of recreational suitability,ecological support,and willingness to visit each recreational location,eight types of recreational combinations are divided,which are named as priority recreational utilization space,recreational activity restraint space,recreational disturbance prevention space,key management and control space,and recreational space.There are 8 combinations of activity cultivation space,moderately intensified utilization space,limited utilization of expansion space,and basic status quo maintenance space.The matching characteristics of recreation supply and demand in these 8 types of combination locations are analyzed;these 8 types of space are classified into four categories named priority development and utilization type,recreation management and control,guiding,recreational content cultivation and expansion space,and tourism delayed development,which are correspondingly put forward the optimal utilization in the development of recreation.