Analysis On Regional Differences And Influencing Factors Of Urban And Rural Residents’ Well-Being In China

Improving people’s well-being and promoting social equity and justice is one of the important goals of the 14 th Five-Year Plan.The CPC has always taken the people’s aspiration for a better life as its goal,and happiness for the people as its original aspiration.At present,China has achieved the first centenary goal and completed the great journey of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects,but the unbalanced and inadequate development remains a serious problem,among which the imbalance between urban and rural areas is a significant embodiment.In order to solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development between urban and rural areas,China has put forward development strategies such as urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.However,it is still a big challenge to solve the unbalanced and inadequate development between urban and rural areas and realize the stable and balanced development of urban and rural residents’ well-being.Only by understanding the development status of the livelihood and well-being of urban and rural residents can we "take the right medicine" and achieve twice the result with half the effort.Therefore,the study on the well-being of urban and rural residents is of certain value and significance to solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development between urban and rural areas and improve the well-being of urban and rural residents.Taking the well-being of urban and rural residents in China as the research object,this thesis measures the well-being of urban and rural residents in 30 provinces and cities in China from 2005 to 2019 by constructing the well-being index system of urban and rural residents.Firstly,the well-being of urban and rural residents is classified into four categories by Arc GIS visualization technology to study the spatial distribution of the well-being of urban and rural residents in China.The temporal variation of the well-being of urban and rural residents in China and the three major economic regions of eastern,central and western China is analyzed by using the time sequence diagram of the well-being of urban and rural residents and their differences.Secondly,the Dagum Gini coefficient method was used to decompose the regional relative differences and their sources,and then the kernel density estimation method was used to study the dynamic evolution process of the distribution.Secondly,the moran index under the spatial adjacency weight matrix and economic distance weight matrix is calculated to study the spatial correlation of urban and rural residents’ well-being under different weight matrices.Finally,based on the spatial Dubin model,the influencing factors of urban and rural residents’ well-being were studied,and the differences of influencing factors on urban and rural residents’ well-being were compared and analyzed.The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows:(1)from 2005 to 2019,the well-being of urban residents in China showed a fluctuating rise,while the well-being level of rural residents continued to rise,and the overall well-being gap between urban and rural residents showed a trend of widening,narrowing,and widening.(2)The well-being of urban and rural residents in the three regions is not balanced.Specifically,the well-being of urban and rural residents in the eastern region is the highest,while the well-being of urban and rural residents in the western region is the lowest.(3)The overall regional gap of urban and rural residents’ well-being and its gap mainly comes from the inter-regional gap,and the gap between the eastern and western regions is the largest in the inter-regional gap.(4)In terms of spatial correlation,the well-being of urban and rural residents has a significant spatial positive correlation,showing an obvious phenomenon of high aggregation and low aggregation.(5)In terms of influencing factors,the level of urbanization has a positive effect on the well-being of rural residents,and a negative inhibitory effect on the well-being of urban residents;Fiscal expenditure and employment rate have a more significant positive effect on rural residents’ well-being.Total foreign investment has a significant positive impact on the well-being of urban residents,but a negative impact on the well-being of rural residents.Both industrial pollution control and per capita GDP have a positive effect on the well-being of urban and rural residents,and the positive effect on the well-being of urban residents is more obvious.According to the research conclusions,the relevant suggestions of this thesis are as follows:(1)attach importance to the coordinated development between regions and formulate different development strategies for each region.(2)Promote inter-provincial communication and cooperation,and give play to the leading role of high-welfare areas.(3)Optimize the implementation details of urbanization construction,keeping in mind the scientific nature of urbanization construction.(4)Strengthen financial input to rural construction and promote the balanced development of urban and rural residents’ well-being.(5)Increase the employment rate of urban and rural residents and strengthen the construction of ecological environment in urban and rural areas.