Mechanism Optimization Research On “Three-right Separation”of Rural Homesteads From The Perspective Of Common Prosperity

Rural homesteads are the most crucial "piece of land" in the development of rural land in China,and also the largest "piece of land" in terms of land occupation.The reform of rural homestead system is of great significance to promote the work of agriculture,rural areas and farmers,and is an important part of achieving the goal of common prosperity.In2015,China officially proposed the reform of rural "three plots of land";In 2018,the No.1central document of the Central Government proposed to explore the reform of "three rights separation" of homestead ownership,qualification right and use right;In 2023,the No.1 central document of the Central Committee proposed to steadily and prudently promote the pilot reform of rural homestead system,and explore the effective realization form of "three rights separation" of homestead.The "three rights separation" of homestead land has different explorations in different regions,and the promulgation of the "three rights separation" system of homestead land is a response to the attempt to reform homestead land.However,few existing studies combine the reform of "three rights separation" of rural homestead with common prosperity.This paper selects two aspects of management and economics to study the "three rights separation" system.Based on survey data from Yiwu City,Zhejiang Province and Yujiang District,Jiangxi Province,and on the analysis of the "three rights separation" reform of rural homesteads in Zhejiang Province,an econometric model is used to empirically analyze the "three rights separation" system of homesteads,We can better understand the relationship between the "three power separation" system of housing base and common prosperity.First of all,it explains the two concepts of "common prosperity" and "separation of three powers" to understand the mechanism of their interaction;Secondly,using the Marxist theory of productivity and relations of production,the theory of public ownership and the theory of welfare economics,to find the theoretical support for the "three rights separation" system of rural homestead in China,so as to demonstrate the rationality of the interaction between the "three rights separation" and common prosperity;Once again,at the practical level,the implementation effect of the "three rights separation" system was analyzed,and the correctness of the practical reform and theory was verified by taking the pilot areas as examples;Finally,some policy suggestions are put forward for the obstacles of the rural homestead "three rights separation" system,including the complete system guarantee mechanism,the establishment of homestead transfer and exit incentive mechanism,the improvement of financial support mechanism,and the development of effective rights and interests protection mechanism,so that the welfare of the rural homestead "three rights separation" system can better serve the rural areas and achieve common prosperity.The research results are as follows: Firstly,there are problems in the reform of the "three rights separation" system for rural homesteads,such as the inertia of the "dual" property rights system,lagging legal norms,lagging cultural concepts,and incomplete market mechanisms.Secondly,the withdrawal of farmers from homesteads has a significant positive impact on household property income,operating income,and wage income at the 1% level;Whether farmers withdraw from their homestead has a significant positive impact on both household living expenses and children’s education expenses at the1% level;The transfer of farmers’ use rights has a significant positive impact on both their business income and property income at the 1% level;Whether farmers transfer their homestead has a significant positive impact on household consumption expenditure,decoration expenditure,and operating expenditure at the 1% level.Rural homestead transfer has a positive impact on household consumption expenditure of farmers.Finally,suggestions for optimizing the mechanism of rural homestead system reform are proposed,mainly including: improving institutional guarantee mechanisms,establishing incentive mechanisms for homestead transfer and exit,improving financial support mechanisms,and developing effective mechanisms for protecting rights and interests.