The Mechanism And Empirical Analysis Of High-Standard Digital Economic And Trade Rules Enabling High-quality Development Of Chinese Manufacturing Industry

The report of the 20 th CPC National Congress stressed that the focus of economic development should be on the real economy to promote high-quality development.As the foundation of the country,the tool of rejuvenating the country and the foundation of strengthening the country,the transformation from a manufacturing country to a manufacturing power is imminent.However,with the transfer of global value chains to regional value chains and the intensification of technological competition among major countries,the international environment for the high-quality development of manufacturing industry is increasingly severe,and the dual pressures at home and abroad continue to increase.At the same time,the wave of the fourth industrial revolution has been set off,and the digital economic and trade rules have emerged in 1.0,2.0,and 3.0 versions that have been continuously upgraded and iterated.Countries around the world have accelerated the pace of reshaping the global digital economic and trade rule system,they are eager to complete the advanced strategic layout and take the initiative.As one of the key points of China’s institutional openness,digital economic and trade rules have a strong compatibility with the development of manufacturing industry.Its emergence takes into account efficiency and safety,and can lay the foundation for the transformation of manufacturing industry from high-speed development to high-quality development.In this context,by benchmarking the international high-level digital economic and trade rules,breaking the institutional constraints on the development of the manufacturing industry,thus enabling the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry,is not only critical to solving the difficulties in the development of the manufacturing industry,but also highly consistent with the top-level design of institutional openness proposed in the report of the 20 th National Congress.This paper first defines the concept and present situation of digital economic and trade rules and high-quality development of manufacturing industry,introduces relevant theories,and combs the evolution process and main contents of digital economic and trade rules.Secondly,the paper analyzes the mechanism of digital economic and trade rules enabling manufacturing from three aspects: production process,transaction process and diffusion process.Thirdly,build an indicator system for the high-quality development level of manufacturing industry in the digital economy from the five dimensions of innovation,intelligence,platformization,service and digitalization,and measure the degree of the free trade zone(port)to connect with the digital economic and trade rules from the three aspects of digital trade liberalization and facilitation,data sharing and flow and digital governance.It measures the high quality development index of manufacturing industry in the digital economy of 28 provinces and cities in China from 2011 to 2020 and the degree of connection of digital economic and trade rules.On this basis,we carry out basic regression and group regression for the high-quality development of manufacturing industry enabled by China’s digital economic and trade rules,and carry out endogenous test and robustness test.Finally,according to the previous mechanism analysis and empirical analysis results,put forward policy recommendations.The research results of this paper are as follows:(1)The current high-standard digital economic and trade rules are vertically divided into three categories: digital trade liberalization and facilitation,data sharing and flow,and digital governance.It is horizontally divided into American-style templates,European-style templates,and Asia-Pacific templates.American template is committed to promoting liberalization and paying attention to its own interests;European template focuses on protection and privacy;The Asia-Pacific template is very inclusive,among which the new template pioneered the modular structure,and the Chinese template focused on cooperation,which has great development prospects.(2)The enabling mechanism is that in the process of production,digital economic and trade rules help manufacturing enterprises gain economies of scale and scope,and realize data resource and value under the background of virtual agglomeration.During the transaction process,relying on the platform,digital economic and trade rules ensure accurate matching of supply and demand,reduce transaction costs.In the process of diffusion,digital economic and trade rules reduce uncertainty and violations,improve the business environment,and obtain institutional dividends.(3)The empirical results show that: a.The establishment of the free trade zone(port)has played a significant driving role in the high-quality development of local manufacturing industry.b.The higher the index of the degree of docking digital economic and trade rules in the free trade zone(port),the better it can promote the highquality development of the manufacturing industry.c.Regional heterogeneity is obvious.Compared with the central and western regions,the free trade zone(port)in the eastern region has a higher degree of high-quality development of manufacturing.d.The first-mover advantage is obvious.The first and second batches of free trade zones(port)enable the manufacturing industry to develop with higher quality.(4)China should actively and reasonably connect with higher standards of digital economic and trade rules,promote the digital transformation of manufacturing industry,build an intelligent environment for manufacturing industry,build the advantages of manufacturing service,deepen the construction of manufacturing platform,improve the innovative capacity of manufacturing industry,and enable the manufacturing industry to achieve high-quality development.