| At present,China’s economy has entered a stage of "new normal" from high-speed growth to high-quality development.As a strategic leading industry,high-tech industry has the characteristics of large investment,rapid economic growth,high proportion of scientific research personnel and high permeability relative to other fields.High-tech industry has become the main driving force and important support for the transformation of old and new kinetic energy and the promotion of high-quality economic development in China.Its innovation ability and efficiency have great influence on the implementation of national innovation-driven development strategy.The improvement of TFP in high-tech industries is the key to promoting innovation and achieving high-quality economic development,and the allocation of R&D resources is the core element.The development of industrial innovation activities requires the rational allocation of R&D resources.According to the previous literature and the measurement results of this paper,it is found that the rapid increase of R&D resource input in China’s high-tech industry does not simultaneously promote the rapid increase of total factor productivity,and there is a mismatch of R&D resources in high-tech industries.Whether this mismatch will inhibit the increase of TFP and the path of inhibition need to be clarified through research.Based on the above problems,on the basis of summarizing the existing literature,this paper selects the provincial panel data of 30 provinces in China(except Tibet Autonomous Region)from 2005 to 2019,evaluates the degree of R&D resource mismatch in China’s high-tech industry through the knowledge production function,and uses the global DEA-Malmquist index method to measure the total factor productivity of high-tech industry and its decomposed tc and ec.The fixed effect model and the system GMM model are used to empirically test the impact path of R&D resource misallocation on the TFP of high-tech industries and its regional heterogeneity,and then the impact of R&D resource misallocation can be recognized.The results show that:(1)According to the measurement results of R&D resource misallocation in high-tech industries,there are different degrees of R&D resource misallocation in high-tech industries in various provinces in China.In general,there is a negative misallocation of R&D capital and personnel,and the degree of negative misallocation of capital is higher than that of negative misallocation of personnel.From the perspective of time,from 2005 to 2019,the degree of R&D personnel and capital misallocation in China’s high-tech industry showed a downward trend,indicating that the phenomenon of resource misallocation has improved.From the regional level,the R&D resource mismatch of high-tech industry shows obvious regional characteristics.The degree of R&D resource mismatch in the central and western regions,especially the degree of capital mismatch,is significantly higher than that in the eastern region.(2)From the measurement results of TFP of high-tech industries,the TFP of China’s high-tech industries is generally rising from 2005 to2019.From the perspective of the change trend of TFP decomposition,the improvement of total factor productivity in the sample year was mainly driven by technical efficiency before 2014,and mainly driven by technological progress after2014.In different regions,the improvement of TFP in high-tech industries in the eastern and central regions stems from the dual improvement of EC and TC.The improvement of TFP in the western region is mainly due to the improvement of EC,and there is room for further improvement of TC.In recent years,under the guidance of national policies,high-tech industries are actively transferring from the eastern coastal areas to the central and western regions.Among them,the central region is the main undertaking area.Industrial transfer has brought advanced production technology and management experience to the inland areas.These factors have promoted the TFP of the central and western industrial undertaking areas.(3)Through empirical analysis,it is found that the existence of R&D resource misallocation is not conducive to the improvement of TFP in high-tech industries.From the perspective of R&D resource allocation structure,both R&D personnel and capital misallocation will inhibit TFP growth,and the negative inhibition of R & D personnel misallocation is more significant.In the decomposition term of TFP,technical efficiency is the main path of R&D resource mismatch to inhibit TFP growth.From the perspective of location characteristics,the improvement of TFP in the eastern region with high-tech industry development level is most significantly affected by R&D resource mismatch.Based on the above conclusions,this paper proposes several policy recommendations:(1)Accelerate the reform of factor marketization allocation.(2)Improve the efficiency of R&D human resource allocation.(3)Promote the regional coordinated development of high-tech industry.(4)Improve the technology transformation system,improve the level of technical efficiency.In order to improve the TFP of China ’s high-tech industry by optimizing the allocation of R&D resources,and help the realization of China ’s innovation-driven development strategy. |
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