| Poverty is an important issue that runs through all stages of human society.To some extent,a region’s poverty status reflects the minimum level of its comprehensive development level in economic,social and other aspects.Ningxia is located in the northwest of China.Due to its remote geographical location,complex terrain conditions and relatively backward social development,the poverty problem of Ningxia is relatively serious.Under the background that China has completed the task of completely eliminating the absolute poverty,the poverty work in the new period turns to alleviating relative poverty.Researching the multi-dimensional relative poverty situation,measuring the multi-dimensional relative poverty level,and studying the multi-dimensional relative poverty spatial pattern of Ningxia are conducive to promoting the prosperous development and social stability of China’s ethnic regions,more conducive to promoting rural revitalization in ethnic regions,and laying a solid foundation for the realization of common prosperity of the people of our country.The paper summarizes the research results of domestic and foreign scholars from three aspects: absolute poverty and relative poverty,the theory and framework of multi-dimensional poverty,and the theory of regional poverty.Considering the actual situation of the research region,the multi-dimensional relative poverty indicator system is built based on the vulnerability and sustainable livelihood framework.The index is weighted by entropy method,and the multi-dimensional relative poverty of all counties in Ningxia from 2016 to 2020 is measured by A-F method and comprehensive evaluation method.In order to study the spatial distribution pattern of multi-dimensional relative poverty in Ningxia,this paper conducts spatial correlation analysis and spatial differentiation analysis based on geographic detector The following conclusions are drawn.(1)Ningxia’s multi-dimensional relative poverty index system covers 21 indicators from 5 dimensions,including human capital,natural capital,physical capital,economic capital and social capital.The three most heavily weighted indicators are population density,total retail sales of social consumer goods and per capita gross regional product.The three least heavily weighted indicators are the ownership of durable goods per 100 urban households,the ownership of durable goods per 100 rural households and the degree of terrain fragmentation.(2)The incidence of multi-dimensional relative poverty in Ningxia is wide and high,and most of them are concentrated in the central and southern regions of Ningxia.From2016 to 2020,the incidence of multi-dimensional relative poverty in Ningxia shows a decreasing trend and the multi-dimensional relative poverty index decreases year by year.The multi-dimensional relative poverty gap among counties in Ningxia decreased.(3)The distribution of multi-dimensional relative poverty in Ningxia shows a clustering feature,and there is a positive correlation.The positive correlation of the distribution of multi-dimensional relative poverty in Ningxia gradually decreased with the growth of time.The results of local autocorrelation show that the multi-dimensional relative poverty in Ningxia has obvious local agglomeration characteristics.All the 21 indicators have significant influence on the spatial differentiation of multi-dimensional relative poverty in Ningxia,and there is interaction between the indicators.The interaction of any two indicators on the spatial differentiation of multidimensional relative poverty of Ningxia after interaction shows bilinear or nonlinear enhancement.Based on the conclusion,the following suggestions are put forward:(1)Vigorously implement the talent introduction policy to increase the total population of the region and stimulate the vitality of market consumption.(2)Different policy support should be adopted according to the capital capacity of the five dimensions under the flimsy sustainable livelihood framework.(3)Establish a permanent mechanism for linking industries between the central and southern parts of Ningxia and the northern part of Ningxia,and raise the income level of residents in the central and southern parts of Ningxia. |
