The Measurement And Spatial Pattern Analysis Of Poverty In Hongshui River Basin Of Guangxi

The problem of poverty is a worldwide problem that seriously threatens the survival and sustainable development of mankind.Since the party's 18 th National Congress,it has been emphasizing “precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation”,then how to be precise is the key to identifying poverty.The research on the spatial pattern of regional poverty is an important link in the discovery of poverty and the basis for the formulation of anti-poverty policies.Carry out regional poverty measurement and spatial pattern research,explore the spatial differentiation law of regional poverty,help to quickly and accurately locate poverty-stricken areas,identify the causes of poverty,and carry out precise measures for poverty alleviation,thus promoting regional economic and social sustainable development.Guided by the theory of human-land relationship regional system and sustainable development theory,this study adopts a combination of quantitative,qualitative and GIS analysis,with county-level and township administrative units as the basic research units,from the basin scale and county scale to the Hongshui River Basin in Guangxi.The measurement and spatial pattern analysis of poverty in the basin are aimed at identifying the distribution law of regional poverty spatial diversity and the main influencing factors,and providing theoretical support and decision-making reference for local government poverty alleviation and development.Through this research,the following main findings and conclusions are obtained:(1)The most part of the Hongshui River Basin in Guangxi has poor natural conditions,backward economic development,and a large number of poor people.It is one of the most concentrated areas of poverty in Guangxi.Therefore,the anti-poverty in the Red River Basin is of great significance to the sustainable development of Guangxi's economy and society and the construction of a comprehensive well-off society.The measurement and spatial pattern analysis of poverty can provide differentiated anti-poverty policies for making important theoretical support and decision regional science.(2)Taking the county-level administrative unit as the basic research unit,following the index selection principle of universal,dominant,developmental,special and operability,combined with the systematic scientific method,according to the actual situation of the study area,selected 18 indicators such as per capita water resources,the dryness andpeak cluster area,ratio,relief amplitude,vegetation coverage,per capita arable land area,resident population density,urbanization rate,incidence of poverty,number of middle school teachers in 10,000 people,number of technical staff in 10,000 people,number of health technicians in 10,000 people,density of roads net,per capita GDP,per capita fiscal revenue,per capita net income of farmers,proportion of primary industry,and grain yield construct in the Hongshui River Basin.The entropy weight method is used to obtain the objective index weight,and combined with the comprehensive evaluation model,the regional comprehensive poverty is evaluated.According to the evaluation results,the Hongshui River Basin is divided into three poverty zone:Severe poverty zone,moderate poverty zone and mild poverty zone by natural breakpoint method.The results show that from the southwestern part of the river basin,to the northeastern and downstream watersheds,the poverty level has generally changed from light to light.Severely impoverished areas are distributed in the middle reaches and the southwestern part of the country.The moderately poor areas are generally located in the lower reaches of the lower reaches and the northeastern part of the lower reaches,and the mildly poor areas are located in the lower eastern part.The severely poor areas are all national key poverty alleviation and development counties and the rocky desertification In the districts and counties,the natural conditions are harsh,the mountains are widely distributed,the peak clusters are developed,the terrain is rugged,the cultivated land is small,and the level of economic and social development is low.(3)Using the same method,taking the township-level administrative unit as the basic research unit,selected 17 indicators such as vegetation coverage,topographic relief,river network density,per capita arable land area,paddy field share of cultivated land,population density,proportion of poor villages,and rural poverty rate,100 households have TV sets,10,000 people have teachers,10,000 people have health technicians,farmers' per capita net income,rural labor ratio,road network density,regional traffic convenience,grain yield And rural per capita electricity consumption,taking Donglan County as an example,constructing a three-dimensional coupling poverty measurement index system of county-level natural-society-economic,and evaluating the regional comprehensive poverty,dividing Donglan County into a severely poor area,There are three types of poverty-type areas from moderately poor areas to mildly poor areas.The results of the study show that the general trend of comprehensive poverty is: from the southwest to the middle to the marginal region.Among them,regional traffic convenience is the most important factor affecting regional comprehensive poverty.(4)Comparing the results of the study at the basin and county scales,it can be found that At different scales,there are some differences inthe main influencing factors and impact sizes of regional comprehensive poverty,which are mainly caused by the differences in impact factors at different scales.In the evaluation of integrated poverty measurement at the basin scale,the indicators of peak cluster area,topographic relief and resident population density have the largest weight,followed by the number of health technicians per 10,000 people,the incidence of poverty,per capita GDP,per capita fiscal revenue,and per capita of the cultivated land,the number of professional and technical personnel in 10,000 people,and the rate of urbanization;in the county scale,the traffic convenience accounted for 29.08% of the index weight,which is the most weighted factor in the county-level comprehensive poverty measure,followed by the per capita electricity consumption in rural areas,the proportion of cultivated land in paddy fields,the incidence of rural poverty,the number of health technicians in 10,000 people,the per capita arable land area,and the density of permanent residents,etc.,the weight of the terrain fluctuations is small.