Research On The Impact Of Local Fiscal Expenditure On The Level Of Urban-rural Integration

The "Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Establishing and Improving the Institutional Mechanism and Policy System for Integrated Urban and Rural Development" puts forward the content of improving the financial input mechanism and encouraging financial support at all levels to integrate urban and rural development.At the strategic level,the state has clearly pointed out that financial investment is an important driving force for the integrated development of urban and rural areas.At this stage,it is a problem that needs to be solved by exploring the specific role of fiscal expenditure in the integrated development of urban and rural areas.China’s total local fiscal expenditure showed an upward trend,rising from 16.04 trillion yuan in 2016 to 21.06 trillion yuan in 2020,an increase of 31%,and the proportion of fiscal expenditure closely related to rural development reached 50%;The National Development and Reform Commission pointed out in the notice of "Key Tasks for New-type Urbanization and Urban-Rural Integration in 2022" that in the process of organizing and implementing urban-rural integration,local responsibilities should be consolidated;Based on this,the responsibilities of local governments in the implementation of urban-rural integration policies have been further clarified,and as the main body responsible for the allocation of urban and rural financial resources,they have undertaken the important mission and major responsibility of promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas.Therefore,it is necessary to explore a local fiscal expenditure system suitable for the integrated development of urban and rural areas in China.This paper first clarifies the relevant concepts,sorts out the relevant literature at home and abroad,draws on the theoretical basis of the fiscal expenditure thought of "Guanzi" and the fiscal thought of Marx in traditional Chinese culture,and explains and explains the mechanism of local agriculture,forestry and water expenditure,social security and employment expenditure,transportation expenditure,education expenditure,health expenditure and financial expenditure on urban-rural integration that is closely related to rural development.Secondly,according to the new requirements for urban-rural integration made in the report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,6 first-level indicators of economic integration,factor integration,industrial integration,infrastructure integration,public service integration,and ecological integration were selected,and subdivided into 13 second-level indicators,21 third-level indicators were used to construct a multi-index system for evaluating the level of urban-rural integration,collecting ten-year data from 2011 to 2020,and using the entropy weight-TOPSIS model and Arc The natural breakpoint method in GIS analyzes the level of urban-rural integration and compares the internal differences at the overall level and sub-dimensional level of various provinces and cities in China,and concludes that the level of urban-rural integration in Beijing and Shanghai in China is relatively high and the development speed is relatively fast.The integration level of Xinjiang and Gansu is low,and the development speed of Tianjin is slower;The integration level characteristics of provinces and cities in various dimensions are not consistent.Thirdly,the fixed-effect model was selected to analyze the relationship between local fiscal expenditure and urban-rural integration.The results show that the core explanatory variables involved in this paper all pass the significance test at the 1% level,but the positive and negative effects on the level of urban-rural integration are not consistent.Among them,the proportion of financial expenditure has a very obvious role in promoting the level of urban-rural integration in China,but the proportion of health expenditure,agriculture,forestry and water expenditure,social security and employment expenditure has a significant inhibitory effect on the level of urban-rural integration.Through the heterogeneity test,it was found that the significant effect was inconsistent in different regions,and the significance effect of the core explanatory variables in the eastern region was better.The proportion of financial expenditure in China’s four major economic zones can pass the significance test at the level of 1%,indicating that although there are differences in internal development,there are still common problems.The robustness test was carried out by reducing the variables,and the significance of the results was consistent with the above analysis.Finally,based on the conclusions obtained from the above analysis,this paper puts forward the following countermeasures from the perspective of finance: improve the budget performance management system of fiscal funds by innovating the management methods of budget performance targets for supporting agriculture,exploring reasonable cadre assessment mechanisms,and improving rural social security and employment bottom systems.Build a multi-level and multi-type capital investment pattern by realizing the organic combination of fiscal expenditure and the financial field,strengthening the financial guarantee of rural transportation construction,and deepening the reform of the rural education investment mechanism;Accelerate the establishment of a modern fiscal system by reasonably enhancing the financial resources of county-level governments and building a digital fiscal system.