The Efficiency And Influencing Factors Of Risk Management Of Land Outsourcing Organizations In Heilongjiang Province

Land outsourcing service is a new agricultural production method derived from the exploration and practice of practical issues such as "who will cultivate the land" and "how to cultivate the land" by the vast number of working people.Through the means of service scale,it achieves the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture.However,as the main carriers of land trusteeship services,farmers’ cooperatives,family farms,and other land outsourcing organizations face not only traditional natural and market risks due to the transformation of production and operation methods,but also new risks caused by other business entities in the industry chain under the background of landout sourcing service.This has led to an expansion and deepening of the scope of risks faced by land outsourcing organizations,exacerbating the difficulty of risk management.Therefore,exploring the risk management efficiency of land outsourcing organizations and proposing corresponding measures based on empirical results to improve the risk management level of land outsourcing organizations has important practical significance and research value at this stage.This article takes Heilongjiang Province as the research area and takes four types of land outsourcing organizations,including farmer cooperatives,family farms,village collectives,and agricultural enterprises,as the research objects.Based on in-depth interviews with 149 land outsourcing organizations in five pilot counties of Heilongjiang Province,the current development status of land outsourcing organizations and their risk management in Heilongjiang Province is summarized from the aspects of main business operations,contract models,and types of risk management measures,On this basis,a risk management input and output indicator system for land outsourcing organizations is constructed,and the DEA model is used to calculate the efficiency of risk management.Finally,the Tobit model is used to test the main influencing factors of risk management efficiency of land outsourcing organizations,and countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to promote the improvement of risk management efficiency of land outsourcing organizations based on the above empirical results.The main research conclusions of this article are as follows: Firstly,the average comprehensive efficiency of risk management in the sample land outsourcing organizations is23.9%,indicating that the overall risk management level of the current land outsourcing organizations is relatively low,and there is still significant room for improvement.Secondly,the comprehensive efficiency of risk management can be further divided into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.The average pure technical efficiency of risk management is 28.4%,and the average scale efficiency is 91.7%.This indicates that the main reason for the low level of risk management in land outsourcing organizations is the low pure technical efficiency of risk management.Thirdly,through the analysis of the differences in the calculation results of risk management efficiency of land outsourcing organizations,it was found that the risk management efficiency level of agricultural enterprise type land outsourcing organizations was the highest,reaching 39.8%.The risk management efficiency values of family farm type and farmer cooperative type land outsourcing organizations were in the middle of the approximate level,at20.1% and 21.7%,respectively,while the risk management efficiency value of village collective was the lowest,only 14%.Fourthly,through the analysis of risk management returns to scale of land outsourcing organizations,it is found that 40.47% and 20.13% of land outsourcing organizations have reached the stage of constant returns to scale and decreasing returns to scale of risk management respectively,and 39.4% of land outsourcing organizations are still in the stage of increasing returns to scale;Fourthly,variables such as the risk perception level,social network,custody scale,and whether there is land transfer business of the head of the land outsourcing organizations have a significant impact on the risk management efficiency of the land outsourcing organizations.Among them,factors such as the risk perception,social network,land custody area,and whether there is land transfer business of the head of the custody organization have a significant positive effect on the risk management efficiency of land outsourcing organizations,The number of custody accounts has a significant negative impact on their risk management efficiency.Based on the above research results,in order to further improve the risk management efficiency level of land outsourcing organizations,this article proposes countermeasures and suggestions such as improving the risk management mechanism of land outsourcing organizations,expanding and strengthening the social network relationships of land outsourcing organizations,improving the risk perception level of management personnel,and enhancing the diversified management level of land outsourcing organizations.