| In past 10 years,the scale and quality of the foreign trade have increased continuously.According to the information released by the General Administration of Customs,China’s total import and export volume of agricultural products in 2022 was 334.332 billion US dollars,up 9.9% year on year;the import volume was 236.06 billion US dollars,up 7.4% and the export volume was 98.226 billion US dollars,up 16.50%.The trade deficit was 137.80 billion US dollars,up 1.7%.From the data of China’s agricultural import and export trade in past five years,the total amount of China’s agricultural import and export and the trade deficit continue to increase year by year,which has become related to China’s national economic and social development.To import by agent is a common way in the agricultural international trade.Generally,the SME company act as the principal,while state-owned enterprises,listed enterprises or professional supply chain management companies act as the service providers.Both parties cooperate based on their own advantages.In this paper,the risk management of import agency business of XH company is selected as the research objective,and the main line is problem discovery,analysis and solving.By using various forms such as literature retrieval,group discussion,questionnaire survey and case analysis method,the current situation of risk management of import agency business of XH Company is analyzed.Based on the principal-agent theory,information asymmetry theory and risk management theories,this paper analyzes the import agent business model,business process and risk management status of XH company,and finds that the principal’s credit risk management is the most important problem,which is embodied in the blind pursuit of trade scale.Ignoring client credit investigation,credit rating and credit risk management.In addition,there are also problems in contract risk,cargo risk and foreign exchange risk,including imperfect contract terms,unclear contract responsibilities and obligations,unreasonable selection of trade terms,unclear focus of contract review,and insufficient assessment of suppliers’ performance ability.The property of goods and value risk is not enough attention,the control of goods rights is not strict,there is no sales channel;There are some problems in foreign exchange risk management,such as unclear objectives,weak management consciousness and single management strategy.In view of XH company’s problems in the management of principal’s credit risk,contract risk,cargo risk and foreign exchange risk,the author puts forward the optimization goal of risk management to keep the risks under control and obtain the best returns with the lowest cost and the least time.The principal’s credit risk management is the main problem,while the contract risk,cargo risk and foreign exchange risk are the secondary problems.Based on the principles of timeliness,comprehensiveness and dynamics,the paper conducts in-depth analysis and optimization.The specific optimization measures include:first,increase the channels of customer credit investigation,clarify the investigation content and scope,optimize the credit rating standards and rating,and establish a "3+1" scientific credit management mode;Secondly,improve the important clauses in the agency agreement and import contract,clarify the key points of contract review,optimize the evaluation method of suppliers’ performance ability,and assign weight to score from four dimensions of product quality,product quantity,timeliness and service level.Third,strengthen the awareness of the property and value of goods,use information and Internet of things management to protect the ownership of goods,establish and improve the resale channels of goods were optimized;Fourthly,suggestions are put forward to strengthen the awareness of foreign exchange risk management,RMB cross-border payment and foreign exchange option trading,and to establish a virtual foreign exchange risk management team on the existing organizational structure and implement comprehensive foreign exchange risk management.The author hopes to provide some suggestions for the company’s risk management by studying the case of XH company,which is also helpful for XH company to reduce or even avoid risks in the future import agency business.At the same time,we also look forward to taking this study as an example to provide referable suggestions for other enterprises engaged in import agent business and play a positive role in the improvement of enterprise risk management. |
PDF Full Text Request