Influence Of Land Consolidation On Agricultural Development In Mountainous And Hilly Areas

Agriculture occupies an important position in the national economy.Since the reform and opening up,China’s total agricultural output value and grain output have increased significantly,but agricultural development still faces many problems.About 35%of China’s cultivated land is distributed in hilly and mountainous areas,mainly concentrated in southwest hilly and mountainous areas.This region is rich in agricultural planting resources and is an important part of China’s agricultural development.How to develop mountain agriculture and break through the bottleneck of mountain agricultural industry development has always been the focus of social discussion.China’s agricultural development has entered a new stage and needs to improve agricultural quality,efficiency and competitiveness.To realize the high-quality development of agriculture requires the joint efforts of all parties,among which land consolidation is undoubtedly one of the important measures to expand the comprehensive agricultural production capacity.Practice has proved that land consolidation plays an extremely important role in improving the agricultural production environment and promoting the integration and promotion of agricultural production development factors.Sorting out the research on the influence of land consolidation on agricultural development,scholars gather more in plain areas and pay less attention to mountainous and hilly areas.Therefore,strengthening the research on the impact of land consolidation on agricultural development in mountainous and hilly areas with high fragmentation of land use and poor basic environmental conditions for agricultural production,clarifying the mechanism of land consolidation on promoting agricultural development and evaluating the effect of land consolidation on agricultural development can enrich the connotation of land consolidation research.Based on this,in order to fully reveal and evaluate the impact of land consolidation on agricultural development in mountainous and hilly areas,this study selected three typical land consolidation projects in western Chongqing grain and oil production area as research samples,using GIS spatial analysis method and field investigation method,first explored the mechanism of land consolidation promoting agricultural development,then described the impact of land consolidation on agricultural development from the aspects of agricultural production environment construction,agricultural mechanization operation and large-scale operation,and finally measured the comprehensive effect of land consolidation on agricultural development by constructing an evaluation index system,and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions according to the evaluation results.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Land consolidation,as a natural social tool,promotes the flow and integration of agricultural development factors through engineering measures to improve its utilization efficiency,thus promoting the high-quality development of agriculture.Through land consolidation,we can control the fragmentation of cultivated land,increase the area and connectivity of cultivated land,improve the soil fertility of cultivated land through cultivated land fertility engineering,and improve the classification of cultivated land as a whole.By improving roads and irrigation and drainage facilities,the irrigation guarantee rate of agricultural land can be improved,the accessibility of roads can be enhanced,and the proportion of mechanized farming will eventually be increased,thus enhancing the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and enhancing the circulation capacity of agricultural products.The improvement of agricultural land production capacity after remediation will strengthen the attraction of capital,accelerate the circulation of agricultural land and promote the increase of the number of new agricultural subjects.By introducing new agricultural technology to improve agricultural production efficiency,it will eventually bring about the transformation of agricultural planting structure,strengthen the export capacity of agricultural products and realize the improvement of agricultural output value.(2)Land remediation can improve the agricultural production environment and improve the level of agricultural production environment conditions through land leveling engineering,field road engineering and other measures.The results show that the cultivated land area,land reclamation rate and per capita cultivated land area in each plot have increased after land consolidation.The newly-increased cultivated land areas of YD-Ⅰ,YD-Ⅱ and YD-Ⅲ reached 21.43hm~2,9.72 hm~2 and 32.95 hm~2,respectively.In terms of cultivated land,the cultivated land of YD-Ⅰ,YD-Ⅱ and YD-Ⅲ increased from8.9,9.2 and 10.0 to 8.0,8.9 and 9.8 respectively.Through the construction of farmland water conservancy projects,the irrigation guarantee rates of YD-Ⅰ,YD-Ⅱ and YD-Ⅲ all increased by 5%,and the irrigation water utilization coefficient increased by 0.1,0.2 and 0.2 respectively.In terms of road facilities,the road hardening rate of YD-Ⅰ,YD-Ⅱ and YD-Ⅲ increased by 1.86%,34.4%and62.84%respectively,the proportion of mechanized roads increased by 20.77%,33.42%and 14.89%respectively,and the road accessibility improved obviously.(3)Land consolidation has stimulated farmers’willingness to transfer farmland,attracted more new types of agricultural management entities,and promoted the level of agricultural mechanization and large-scale management.After renovation,the suitable small and micro agricultural mechanization rates of YD-Ⅰ,YD-Ⅱ and YD-Ⅲ increased by 20.18%,48.44%and 24.28%respectively,and the total power of agricultural machinery per capita increased by 0.09k W,0.05k W and 0.71k W respectively,and the proportion of agricultural mechanized farming increased.After land consolidation,farmers’willingness to transfer land increased,and the proportion of YD-Ⅰ,YD-Ⅱ and YD-Ⅲ willing to transfer land increased by 30%,49%and 45%respectively.The number of new agricultural business entities has increased,and the number of new agricultural business entities YD-Ⅰ,YD-Ⅱ and YD-Ⅲ has risen to 7,6 and 8.The scale of land circulation and the proportion of agricultural land scale management in each plot have increased obviously.YD-Ⅰ,YD-Ⅱ and YD-Ⅲ have reached 133.67hm~2,53.33hm~2,117.07hm~2,58.59%,35.39%and 42.45%respectively,realizing the large-scale operation of agricultural land.(4)Land consolidation has created conditions for the adjustment of industrial structure and the realization of integrated development,and improved the level of agricultural output.After the renovation of YD-Ⅰ,YD-Ⅱ and YD-Ⅲ,the agricultural land output rate reached 28,807.83(yuan/hm~2),17,160.30(yuan/hm~2)and 12,032.49(yuan/hm~2)respectively,and the agricultural labor output rate reached 6,623.30(yuan/person)and 4,393 respectively.Judging from the reasons for growth,the main reason for the increase in benefits after YD-Ⅰ regulation is the successful transformation of planting structure,and the planting area of high value-added cash crop lotus has increased greatly.YD-Ⅱ has solved the problem of irrigation and drainage after renovation,realized agricultural mechanization cultivation in the northern grain and oil planting area,increased the fruit planting area in the southern area,and realized the improvement of agricultural output value.YD-Ⅲ improved the utilization efficiency of cultivated land by transforming the middle and low yield fields in the sampling area,and enhanced the brand value of agricultural products through unified production,processing and packaging,thus achieving a substantial increase in the prices of agricultural products.(5)Land consolidation has a positive overall effect on improving the level of agricultural development,but the evaluation results are different due to factors such as resource endowment and socio-economic conditions in different project areas.Judging from the comprehensive effect grade correlation index,the correlation coefficients of YD-Ⅰ poor,medium,good and excellent grades changed from-0.3749,-0.0651,-0.1249 and-0.3444 to-0.5043,-0.2218,-0.1263 and-0.1411respectively.YD-Ⅱ changed from-0.2456,-0.1351,-0.1517 and-0.3430 to-0.3829,-0.2082,-0.0845and-0.1843,and the grade changed from intermediate to good,YD-Ⅲ changed from-0.2753,-0.1053,-0.1332 and-0.3076 to-0.4435,-0.1590,-0.1326 and-0.0489,and the grade changed from intermediate to excellent.